Page 99 - Health, Population and Environment Education 9

Basic needs

Physiological needs Safety needs

Food Sex Drinks Security Stability Structure
(Clothes, shelter)

Maslow has classified basic needs into two major needs as physiological needs and safety
needs. Physiological needs are related with the function of body activities. Food, drinks and
sex are regarded as physiological needs. Food and water are important for our survival. Sex is
also as important as food and water. People should have fulfillment of sex drives. After people
fulfill food, water and sex, they want security and safety. They need clothes to wear, house or
shelter to live in. Clothes and house provide security and safety to people.

Additional needs
Those needs which are essential for career development as well as for happiness and
satisfaction are called additional needs. Love and belongings, esteem and self actualization
are additional needs in our life. They are regarded as secondary needs. After the basic
needs are fulfilled, people expect to fulfill additional needs. Without fulfillment of basic
needs, people cannot imagine of fulfillment of additional needs. The following chart
shows classification of additional needs:
Additional needs

Love and belonging needs Needs of esteem Self actualization

– Giving and taking love – Honour Self fulfillment
– Affection – Respect

– Acceptance – Freedom

Explanation on basic needs

a. Food
Food is the most essential part of our life. It
is required for proper growth, development
and survival. We must consume balanced
and nutritious diet. Consumption of
necessary amount of food helps us to
remain healthy and supplies all necessary
nutrients. It also keeps us strong, fit and
free from diseases. When people do not get
sufficient amount of food, they will suffer
from malnutrition. Ultimately, the physical
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GREEN Environment Population and Health Education Book-9 99