Page 147 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

x. Occurrence of undigested food particles in the stool
xi. Foul smell in the stool
xii. Swelling of abdomen

xiii. Dehydration

If a person suffers from diarrhoea for a long time, dehydration occurs which shows
following symptoms.
i. Sunken eyes

ii. Mouth becomes dry.
iii. The patient feels thirsty.
iv. The amount of urine decreases.
v. Wrinkles are seen in the skin.

Preventive and Control Measures
i. Consumption of contaminated food and drinks should be avoided.
ii. Consumption of raw foods without washing properly should be avoided.
iii. Defecation in open fields and near the water sources should be avoided.

iv. We should defecate only in toilets.
v. Flies should be controlled.
vi. We should wash hands properly with soap and water before having food and after
visiting toilet.
vii. Proper health education should be given.
viii. Food and water should be prevented from contamination.

2. Dysentery
Dysentery is a very common disease which equally affects
the people of all age groups (i.e. children to adults). In
dysentery, blood and mucus are seen in the stool of the
patient.
Dysentery is caused by amoeba (i.e. Entamoeba histolytica)
and bacteria (i.e. Shigella). The germs of dysentery are
found in the stool of the patient. These germs enter our
body through contaminated food and water.
Fig: 8 Dysentery
Types of dysentery
On the basis of types of germs, there are two types of dysentery. They are as follows:
a. Amoebic dysentery b. Bacillary dysentery
GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10 147