Page 146 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

iii. Covering nose and mouth while coughing and sneezing
iv. Steaming
v. Wearing warm clothes

vi. Taking antibiotics to avoid bacterial infection

Food and Water Borne Diseases

The diseases which are transmitted through contaminated food and water are called food
and water-bone disease. Examples: diarrhoea, dysentery, typhoid, cholera, etc.

1. Diarrhoea
Passing out of loose stool more than three times in a day is
called diarrhoea. This disease generally spreads in summer
season. This disease may affect the person of any age.
However, it generally affects children and people of old
age. The germs of this disease are found in the stool of the
patient. These germs enter our body through contaminated
food and drinks and we suffer from diarrhoea.
Fig: 7 diarrhoea
Causes of Diarrhoea
i. Infection with Salmonella, Gartner Bacillus, Shigella shiga, Rota virus, etc.
ii. Indigestion

iii. Food poisoning
iv. Intestinal surgery
v. Cold
vi. Inflammation of intestine

Major Symptoms
i. Loose motion or frequent passing out of stool in a day
ii. Abdominal pain
iii. Loss of appetite

iv. Weakness
v. Sunken eyes
vi. Hollow checks

vii. Contraction of muscles of hands and legs
viii. Decrease in body temperature
ix. Nausea and vomiting

146 GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10