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288 PART 4: THE LEADER AS A RELATIONSHIP BUILDER
References
1 Carol Hymowitz, “Executives Who Build Truth-Telling Cultures 25 David H. Freedman, “Intensive Care,” Inc. (February 1999), pp. 72–80.
Learn Fast What Works” (In the Lead column), The Wall Street 26 Curtis Sittenfeld, “Good Ways to Deliver Bad News,” Fast Company
Journal (June 12, 2006), p. B1. (April 1999), pp. 58, 60.
2 Cynthia Crossen, “Blah, Blah, Blah: The Crucial Question for These 27 Deborah Ball and Ellen Byron, “Getting to the Root of the Problem,”
Noisy Times May Just Be: ‘Huh?’” The Wall Street Journal (July 10, The Wall Street Journal (November 11–12, 2006), pp. A1, A8.
1997), p. A1; Paul Roberts, “Live! From Your Office! It’s . . .” Fast 28 Robert Berner, “At Sears, a Great Communicator,” BusinessWeek
Company, (October 1999), pp. 151–170; and Cathy Olofson, “Can (October 31, 2005), pp. 50, 52.
We Talk? Put Another Log on the Fire,” Fast Company, (October 29 Joseph Jaworski, Synchronicity: the Inner Path of Leadership (San
1999), p. 86. Francisco, CA.: Berrett-Koehler, 1996).
3 Eric Berkman, “Skills,” CIO, (March 1, 2002), pp. 78–82; 30 David Bohm, On Dialogue (Ojai, CA: David Bohm Seminars, 1989).
Peter Lowry and Byron Reimus, “Ready, Aim, Communicate,” 31 Bill Isaacs, Dialogue and the Art of Thinking Together (New York:
Management Review (July 1996). Doubleday, 1999); and “The Art of Dialogue,” column in Roberts,
4 Studies from The Elliot Leadership Institute, reported in Louise van “Live! From Your Office!”
der Does and Stephen J. Caldeira, “Effective Leaders Champion 32 Based on Glenna Gerard and Linda Teurfs, “Dialogue and Organiza-
Communication Skills,” Nation’s Restaurant News (March 27, tional Transformation,” in Community Building: Renewing Spirit and
2006), p. 20; and Dennis Tourish, “Critical Upward Communication: Learning in Business, Kazimierz Gozdz, ed. (New Leaders Press, 1995).
Ten Commandments for Improving Strategy and Decision Making,” 33 Scott Kirsner, “Want to Grow? Hire a Shrink!” Fast Company
Long Range Planning 38 (2005), pp. 485–503. (December–January 1998), pp. 68, 70.
5 Bernard M. Bass, Bass & Stogdill’s Handbook of Leadership, 3rd ed. 34 This section is based heavily on Jay A. Conger, “The Necessary Art of
(New York: The Free Press, 1990). Persuasion,” Harvard Business Review (May–June 1998), pp. 84–95.
6 Henry Mintzberg, The Nature of Managerial Work (New York: 35 Conger, “The Necessary Art of Persuasion.”
Harper & Row, 1973). 36 Elizabeth Weiss Green, “The Power of Persuasion,” U.S. News and
7 Mary Young and James E. Post, “Managing to Communicate, World Report (August 7, 2006), pp. 60, 62.
Communicating to Manage: How Leading Companies Communicate 37 J. C. McCroskey and V. P. Richmond, “The Impact of
with Employees,” Organizational Dynamics (Summer 1993), pp. Communication Apprehension on Individuals in Organizations,
31–43; and Warren Bennis and Burt Nanus, Leaders: The Strategies Communication Quarterly, 27 (1979), pp. 55–61.
for Taking Charge (New York: Harper & Row, 1985). 38 J. C. McCroskey, “The Communication Apprehension Perspective,”
8 Colin Mitchell, “Selling the Brand Inside,” Harvard Business Review in J. C. McCroskey & J. A. Daly, eds. Avoiding Communication:
(January 2002), pp. 99–105. Shyness, Reticence, and Communication Apprehension (London: Sage
9 Phillip G. Clampitt, Laurey Berk, and M. Lee Williams, “Leaders as Publications Inc., 1984), pp. 13–38.
Strategic Communicators,” Ivey Business Journal (May–June 2002), 39 Robert H. Lengel and Richard L. Daft, “The Selection of
pp. 51–55. Communication Media as an Executive Skill,” Academy of
10 Ian Wylie, “Can Philips Learn to Walk the Talk?” Fast Company Management Executive 2 (August 1988), pp. 225–232; and
(January 2003), pp. 44–45. Richard L. Daft and Robert Lengel, “Organizational Information
11 John Luthy, “New Keys to Employee Performance and Productivity,” Requirements, Media Richness and Structural Design,” Managerial
Public Management (March 1998), pp. 4–8. Science 32 (May 1986), pp. 554–572.
12 Reported in Van Der Does and Caldeira, “Effective Leaders 40 Ford S. Worthy, “How CEOs Manage Their Time,” Fortune
Champion Communication Skills.” (January 18, 1988), pp. 88–97.
13 “What Is Trust,” results of a survey by Manchester Consulting, 41 “E-mail Can’t Mimic Phone Calls,” Johnson City Press (September 17,
reported in Jenny C. McCune, “That Elusive Thing Called Trust,” 2000), p. 31.
Management Review (July–August 1998), pp. 10–16. 42 John R. Carlson and Robert W. Zmud, “Channel Expansion Theory
14 Mirta M. Martin, “Trust Leadership,” The Journal of Leadership and the Experiential Nature of Media Richness Perceptions,”
Studies 5, no. 3 (1998), pp. 41–49. Academy of Management Journal 42, no. 2 (1999), pp. 153–170;
15 Julie Carrick Dalton, “Between the Lines: The Hard Truth About R. Rice and G. Love, “Electronic Emotion,” Communication
Open-Book Management,” CFO (March 1999), pp. 58–64. Research 14 (1987), pp. 85–108.
16 Gary Hamel, “Killer Strategies That Make Shareholders Rich,” 43 Anne Fisher, “Readers Weigh in on Rudeness and Speechmaking”
Fortune (June 23, 1997), pp. 70–84. (Ask Annie column), Fortune (January 10, 2000), p. 194.
17 Stanley Holmes, “Into the Wild Blog Yonder,” BusinessWeek (May 44 “Enforcing a No-Memo Policy,” Small Business Report (July 1988),
22, 2006), pp. 84, 86. pp. 26–27.
18 This discussion is based on “The Power of Questions,” (Practical 45 Ronald E. Rice, “Task Analyzability, Use of New Media, and
Wisdom column), Leadership: The Journal of the Leader to Leader Effectiveness: A Multi-Site Exploration of Media Richness,”
Institute (Spring 2005), pp. 59–60. Organizational Science 3, no. 4 (November 1994), pp. 502–527.
19 Based on “The Power of Questions” and Quinn Spitzer and Ron 46 Richard L. Daft, Robert H. Lengel, and Linda Klebe Treviño, “Message
Evans, “The New Business Leader: Socrates with a Baton,” Strategy & Equivocality, Media Selection and Manager Performance: Implications
Leadership (September–October 1997), pp. 32–38. for Information Systems,” MIS Quarterly 11 (1987), pp. 355–368.
20 Reported in Spitzer and Evans, “Socrates with a Baton.” 47 Young and Post, “Managing to Communicate, Communicating to
21 Geoffrey Colvin, “The Wisdom of Dumb Questions,” Fortune (June 27, Manage.”
2005), p. 157. 48 Greg Jaffe, “Tug of War: In the New Military, Technology May Alter
22 C. Glenn Pearce, “Doing Something About Your Listening Ability,” Chain of Command,” The Wall Street Journal (March 30, 2001),
Supervisory Management (March 1989), pp. 29–34; and Tom pp. A3, A6; Susanna Patton, “The Wisdom of Starting Small,” CIO
Peters, “Learning to Listen,” Hyatt Magazine (Spring 1988), (March 15, 2001), pp. 80–86.
pp. 16–21. 49 Daniel Nasaw, “Instant Messages Are Popping Up All Over,” The
23 Gerald M. Goldhaber, Organizational Communication, 4th ed. Wall Street Journal (June 12, 2003), p. B4.
(Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown, 1980), p. 189. 50 Scott Kirsner, “IM Is Here. RU Prepared?” Darwin Magazine
24 Tom Peters, “Learning to Listen.” (February 2002), pp. 22–24.

