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296 PART 4: THE LEADER AS A RELATIONSHIP BUILDER

Exhibit 10.2 Stages of Team Development

Forming:
Orientation, break the ice
Leader:
Facilitate social
interchanges

Storming:
Conflict, disagreement
Leader:
Encourage participation,
surface differences

Norming:
Establishment of order
and cohesion
Leader:
Help clarify team roles,
norms, values

Performing:
Cooperation,
problem solving
Leader:
Facilitate task
accomplishment

on common interests. The team is characterized by a general lack of unity and
cohesiveness. It is essential that teams move beyond this stage or they will never
achieve high performance. The leader’s role is to encourage participation by each

team member and help them find their common vision and values. Members need
to debate ideas, surface conflicts, disagree with one another, and work through the

uncertainties and confl icting perceptions about team tasks and goals.

Norming Norming At the norming stage, conflict has been resolved and team unity and
Norming
stage of team development
stage of team development harmony emerge. Consensus develops as to who the natural team leaders are,
in which confl icts have been
in which confl icts have been
resolved and team unity emerges
resolved and team unity emerges and members’ roles are clear. Team members come to understand and accept one
another. Differences are resolved and members develop a sense of cohesiveness.
This stage typically is of short duration and moves quickly into the next stage.
The team leader should emphasize openness within the team and continue to
facilitate communication and clarify team roles, values, and expectations.
Performing
Performing Performing During the performing stage, the major emphasis is on accomplishing
stage of team development in
stage of team development in the team’s goals. Members are committed to the team’s mission. They interact
which the major emphasis is on
which the major emphasis is on
accomplishing the team’s goals
accomplishing the team’s goals frequently, coordinate their actions, and handle disagreements in a mature, pro-
ductive manner. Team members confront and resolve problems in the interest
of task accomplishment. At this stage, the team leader should concentrate on
facilitating high task performance and helping the team self-manage to reach its
goals.