Page 21 - policy and procedure infection control

Policies and Procedures on Infection Control

Type of Surveillance Methods

 Advantages: permits concentration of effort on areas
where infection control measures may have the greatest
effect and better use of limited resources; takers into
account differences in infection risk for different patient
populations.

 Disadvantage: may miss clusters or outbreaks of
infections not included in the surveillance program.

Targeted :  This approach involves surveillance of infections at the
-pathogen type same site (bacteremia, UTI, LRI, SSI, etc.) or caused
-infection site by the same pathogen, usually one that is
epidemiologically significant (MRSA, Vancomycin-
resistant Enterococcus species).
 Advantage: permits concentration of efforts on those
areas where control measures may be most effective.
 Disadvantage: may miss clusters or outbreaks of
infections not included in the surveillance program.

 It is necessary to use the appropriate denominator

2.5 Data Collection
1. Collect essential data from lab forms of all MRO /suspected HCAI /clusters

(Refer ‘HCAI infection surveillance form’ in Appendix B).
2. Verify cases from the patient’s BHT and discussion with the doctor in-charge /link-
nurse /ward sister.
3. Exclude non HCAI cases and complete the HCAI form.
4. All patients must be followed up and subsequent events must be recorded.

5. All data related to the investigations of an outbreak i.e. environment, patients, or
staff should be documented.

2.6 Tabulation of Data

1. Daily (group the suspected and confirmed cases according to type of MRO or
infections)
2. Special T-cards or boards can be used to monitor the cases daily (patient location /
pathogen /infection sites /risk factors).

3. A SPCC (Statistical Process Control Chart) shall be use to monitor the trend of
infections for certain organisms or site of infection. Measuring trend in percentage.
4. In house ‘Control Chart’ to monitor the number of infections with MRO.

10 Ministry of Health Malaysia