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CHAPTER 9 Patricia Benner 121

year. Benner retired from full-time teaching in 2008 Helen Nahm Research Lecture Award from the faculty
as professor emerita from UCSF, but continues to be at UCSF for her contribution to nursing science and
involved in presentations and consultation, as well research. Benner received an award for outstanding
as writing and research projects. She is currently a contributions to the profession from the National
Distinguished Visiting Professor at Seattle University Council of State Boards of Nursing in 2002, for develop-
School of Nursing, assisting them with a transforma- ing an instrument, Taxonomy of Error, Root Cause and
tion of their undergraduate and graduate curricula. Practice (TERCAP) an electronic data collection tool
Benner has published extensively and has been the to capture the sources and nature of nursing errors
recipient of numerous honors and awards, the most (Benner, Sheets, Uris, et al., 2002).
recent being induction into the Danish Nursing Soci- In 2002, The Institute for Nursing Healthcare Leader-
ety as an Honorary Member, and the Sigma Theta ship commemorated the impact of the landmark book
Tau International Book Author award shared with her From Novice to Expert (1984a) with an award acknowl-
co-editors for Interpretive Phenomenology in Health edging 20 years of collecting and extending clinical
Care Research (Chan, Brykczynski, Malone, & Benner, wisdom, experiential learning, and caring practices and
2010). She was honored with 1984, 1989, 1996, and a celebration at the conference “Charting the Course:
1999 American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year The Power of Expert Nurses to Define the Future.”
awards for From Novice to Expert: Excellence and Power Benner received the American Association of Critical
in Clinical Nursing Practice (1984a), The Primacy of Care Nurses Pioneering Spirit Award in May 2004 for
Caring: Stress and Coping in Health and Illness (1989, her work on skill acquisition and articulating nursing
with Wrubel), Expertise in Nursing Practice: Caring, knowledge in critical care. In 2007, she was selected
Clinical Judgment, and Ethics (1996, with Tanner and for the UCSF School of Nursing’s Centennial Wall of
Chesla), and Clinical Wisdom and Interventions in Fame and was a visiting professor at the University of
Critical Care: A Thinking-in-Action Approach (1999, Pennsylvania School of Nursing in 2009. Along with her
with Hooper-Kyriakidis & Stannard), respectively. The husband and colleague, Richard Benner, Patricia Benner
Crisis of Care: Affirming and Restoring Caring Practices consults around the world regarding clinical practice
in the Helping Professions (1994), edited by Susan S. development models (CPDMs) (Benner & Benner,
Phillips and Patricia Benner, was selected for the 1999). Benner was appointed Nursing Education Study
CHOICE list of Outstanding Academic Books for Director for the Carnegie Foundation’s Preparation for
1995. Benner’s books have been translated into 10 lan- the Professions Program (PPP) in March 2004. The
guages as well as several of her articles. Benner received book published from The Carnegie Foundation for the
the American Journal of Nursing media CD-ROM of Advancement of Teaching National Nursing Education
the year award for Clinical Wisdom and Interventions in Study, Educating Nurses: A Call for Radical Transforma-
Critical Care: A Thinking-in-Action Approach (2001, tion was awarded the American Journal of Nursing Book
with Hooper-Kyriakidis & Stannard). of the Year Award for 2010, and the Prose Award for
In 1985, Benner was inducted into the American Scholarly Writing. This nationwide study was a study
Academy of Nursing. She received the National League of professional education and the shift from technical
for Nursing’s Linda Richards Award for leadership in professionalism to civic professionalism. In 2011, the
education in 1989 and both the NLN Excellence in American Academy of Nursing honored Patricia Benner
Leadership Award for Nursing Education and the NLN as a Living Legend.
President’s Award for Creativity and Innovation in
Nursing Education in 2010. In 1990, she received the
Excellence in Nursing Research and Excellence in Nurs- Philosophical Sources
ing Education Award from the California Organization Benner acknowledges that her thinking in nursing has
of Nurse Executives. She also received the Alumnus of been influenced greatly by Virginia Henderson. Benner
the Year Award from Point Loma Nazarene College studies clinical nursing practice in an attempt to discover
(formerly Pasadena College) in 1993. In 1994, Benner and describe the knowledge embedded in nursing
became an Honorary Fellow in the Royal College of practice. She maintains that knowledge accrues over
Nursing, United Kingdom. In 1995, she received the time in a practice discipline and is developed through