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456 UNIT IV Nursing Theories

CRITICAL THINKING ACTIVITIES
1. What is the nurse scientist view of nursing with 5. Consider a patient you have cared for in the past,
health as expanding consciousness? and describe how health as expanding conscious-
2. How does this view direct knowledge development ness (pattern of the whole) might have changed
for nursing? what you did with that patient.
3. What changed Newman’s view of health, health
care practice, and nursing practice?
4. Describe your own view of health, health care
practice, and nursing practice, and compare your
views with those of Newman.

POINTS FOR FURTHER STUDY
n http://www.healthasexpandingconsciousness.org Available through: Fitne, Inc, 5 Depot Street,
n Brown, J. W. (2010). Newman’s theory of health Athens, OH 45701, (800) 691–8480.
and nursing practice. In M. R. Alligood (Ed.), n Newman, M. A. (2008). Transforming presence:
Nursing theory: Utilization & application The difference that nursing makes. Philadelphia:
(4 ed., pp. 457–478). Maryland Heights, F.A. Davis.
th
MO: Mosby-Elsevier. n Smith, M.C. (2011). Integrative Review of Research
n Margaret Newman, nurse theorists: Portraits of Related to Margaret Newman’s Theory of Health
excellence (Videotape). (1990). Helene Fuld as Expanding Consciousness. Nursing Science
Health Trust. Oakland, (CA): Studio Three Quarterly, 24(3), pp. 256–263.
Production. Athens, OH: Fitne, Inc.
n Newman, M. A. (1997). Margaret Newman:
Health as expanding consciousness (CD-ROM).

REFERENCES
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In C. Picard & D. Jones (Eds.), Giving voice to what we Brown, J. W., & Alligood, M. R. (2004). Realizing wrongness:
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A study embodying Newman’s health as expanding Bruce-Barrett, C. A. (1998). Patterns of health and healing:
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International, 63, 2300. plar. In C. Picard & D. Jones (Eds.), Giving voice to what