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CHAPTER 34 Cheryl Tatano Beck 677

MAJOR CONCEPTS & DEFINITIONS—cont’d
episodes of maternity blues (lasting more than 17. Anxiety and Insecurity
10 days) may predict postpartum depression. (Effect Anxiety and insecurity includes overattention to
size 5 Small to medium) relatively minor issues, feelings of jumping out of
one’s skin, feeling the need to keep moving, or pac-
12. Self-Esteem ing. There is an ever-present feeling of insecurity
Self-esteem is a woman’s global feelings of self-worth and a sense of being overwhelmed in the new role
and self-acceptance. It is her confidence and satis- of mother.
faction in self. Low self-esteem reflects a negative
self-evaluation and feelings about oneself or one’s 18. Emotional Lability
capabilities. (Effect size 5 Medium) A woman experiencing emotional lability has a
sense that her emotions are unstable and out of her
13. Socioeconomic Status control. It is commonly characterized as crying for
Socioeconomic status is a person’s rank or status no particular reason, irritability, explosive anger,
in society involving a combination of social and and fear of never being happy again.
economic factors (e.g., income, education, and
occupation). (Effect size 5 Small) 19. Mental Confusion
Mental confusion is characterized by a marked
14. Marital Status inability to concentrate, focus on a task, or make a
Marital status is a woman’s standing in regard to decision. There is a general feeling of being unable
marriage; it denotes whether a woman is single, to regulate one’s own thought processes.
married or cohabiting, divorced, widowed, sepa-
rated, or partnered. (Effect size 5 Small) 20. Loss of Self
Women sense that the aspects of self that reflected
15. Unplanned or Unwanted Pregnancy their personal identity have changed since the
Unplanned or unwanted pregnancy refers to a birth of their infant, so they cannot identify who
pregnancy that was not planned or wanted. Of they really are and are fearful that they might
particular note is the issue of pregnancies that never be able to be their real selves again.
remain unwanted after initial ambivalence. (Effect
size 5 Small) 21. Guilt and Shame
A woman experiences guilt and shame when she
Concepts 16 to 22 perceives that she is performing poorly as a mother
These final concepts represent the distillation of all and has negative thoughts regarding her infant.
predictor and risk factors that are used to screen This results in an inability to be open with others
women for symptoms of postpartum depression in about how she feels and contributes to a delay in
the PDSS (Beck, 2002c). diagnosis and intervention.

16. Sleeping and Eating Disturbances 22. Suicidal Thoughts
Sleeping and eating disturbances include inability to Women experience suicidal thoughts when they
sleep even when the baby is asleep, tossing and turn- have frequent thoughts of harming themselves or
ing before actually falling asleep, waking up in the ending their lives to escape the living nightmare of
middle of the night, and difficulty going back to postpartum depression.
sleep. Even though she is consciously aware of the
need to eat, the woman may experience loss of ap-
petite and inability to eat.