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Transcriptome analysis of the Korat chicken breast muscle with increased

carnosine content produced through dietary supplementation with

ß-alanine or L-histidine

1
1
Satoshi Kubota , Kasarat Promkhun , Panpradub Sinpru , Chanadda Suwanvichanee ,
1
1,*
1
Wittawat Molee , Amonrat Molee 1

1 School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of
Technology,
Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, 30000
*Corresponding author: skubota@sut.ac.th
________________________________________________________________________________

Abstract
Carnosine is a bioactive food component with several potential health benefits for

humans. Our previous study showed that female Korat chickens (KRCs), slow-growing chickens
bred in Thailand, fed a diet supplemented with ß-alanine or L-histidine have significantly
higher carnosine content in breast muscles compared to KRCs fed a diet without

supplementation. However, dietary supplementation with L-histidine also reduced the
toughness of the meat, which is a unique property of KRC meat. To identify candidate genes

involved in the regulation of carnosine content and meat toughness through dietary
supplementation, we performed RNA-Seq in female KRC breast muscle in each treatment

group that KRC fed diets without supplementation, supplemented with ß-alanine or L-
histidine. Compared to the non-supplemented group, we identified 118 and 198 differentially

expressed genes (DEGs) in the ß-alanine and L-histidine supplementation groups, respectively.
Genes potentially related to meat tenderness were identified (i.e., MYO7B, MYBPH,

LOC107051274, SERPINH1, ACSBG1, CAPNS2, and PGAM1 However, genes associated with
).
carnosine synthesis were not identified. Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs identified

pathways affected by dietary supplementation, including the insulin signaling pathway (ß-
alanine supplementation) and the insulin resistance and adipocytokine signaling pathways (L-
histidine supplementation). The FoxO signaling pathway was identified as a regulatory network

for both supplementation groups. The identified genes can be used as molecular markers of
meat tenderness in slow-growing chickens.

Keywords: RNA-Seq, slow-growing chicken, breast meat, carnosine content, meat toughness