Page 504 - Jolliffe I. Principal Component Analysis

Index
PC algorithms with noise 400
see also rotation
sequential or simultaneous 380
single layer/multi-layer 413, 414 oceanography 8, 9, 303, 370 469
O-mode to T-mode analyses 398
see also computation, cross- optimal algebraic properties, see
correlation asymmetric algebraic properties
PCA, linear approximation ordinal principal components 341
asymmetric PCA, oriented ordination or scaling techniques,
PCA see scaling or ordination
nominal data, see binary variables, techniques
contingency tables, discrete oriented PCA 401
variables orthogonal factors/rotation
non-additive part of a two-way 153–155, 161–165, 166,
model, see interactions in a 270-274, 291
two-way model see also rotation
non-centred PCA, see uncentred orthogonal projections, see
PCA projections onto a subspace
non-independent data, see sample orthonormal linear transformations
surveys, spatial data, time 10, 11, 31, 37
series oscillatory behaviour in time series
non-linear PCA 20, 102, 343, 365, 302-316, 329
373–382, 388, 400, 413 propagating waves 309, 311, 314,
distance approach 376, 385 316, 329
Gifi approach 343, 374–377 standing waves 309, 311, 316
non-linear relationships 80, 85 outliers 81, 98, 101, 134, 137, 219,
non-metric multidimensional 232–248, 262–265, 268, 387,
scaling, see scaling or 394
ordination techniques Andrews’ curves 110, 242
non-normal data/distributions 49, cells in a data matrix 385
261, 373, 394–396 in quality control 240, 366–368
normal (Gaussian) distribution 68, with respect to correlation
114, 131, 186, 189, 261 structure 233–239, 242, 244,
probability plots 245 245, 248
see also multivariate normal with respect to individual
distribution variables 233–239, 242, 245,
normalization constraints on PC 248
coefficients 6, 14, 25, 30, 72, see also detection of outliers,
154, 162, 211, 237, 271, 277, influential observations
278, 286, 291, 297, 323, 387,
404, 408, 410 painters, see artistic qualities
North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) parallel analysis 117, 127–129, 131,
73, 296 262
parallel principal axes 379
oblique factors/rotation 152–154, partial correlations 127, 157
156, 162–165, 270, 271, 295, partial least squares (PLS) 167,
383 168, 178, 183–185, 208, 229