Page 80 - Computing E-Book Grade 6

The City School 2021-2022

3.5. Internet Protocols

In the field of telecommunications, a protocol is the set of standard rules for data
representation, signaling, authentication and error detection required to send

information over a communications channel. When computers connect and transmit
data between each other on the Internet, they follow a set of rules to do so. These

rules are universal; all computers throughout the Internet must follow them. Otherwise,
the Internet would not function as computers would not be able to transmit data

in a meaningful and useful way. These rules are called protocols. The Internet Protocol
(IP) family contains a set of related (and among the most widely used) network

protocols. Beside Internet Protocol itself, higher-level protocols like TCP, HTTP, SMTP,
POP3 and FTP all integrate with IP to provide additional capabilities.

TCP

The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the

main protocols of the Internet
Protocol Suite. TCP is part of the popular TCP/IP”

combination used by the Internet. TCP/IP
The Internet Protocol, or IP, makes sure data on the

internet gets to the right place. Then TCP makes sure the
data is put in the right order, and none of it is missing. TCP

also helps to control traffic on the internet so it does not
get overloaded.

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