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126       SPELLING



        Why learn to spell?



        SPELLING IS IMPORTANT FOR BOTH READING AND WRITING.

        Rules can help with spelling; however, there are many exceptions to these
        rules, which can sometimes make spelling difficult. Learning to spell well
        is worth the effort, since it helps a writer convey meaning clearly.



        Letters
                                                                       The word alphabet
        There are twenty-six letters in the English alphabet, which can
        be written as lowercase or capital letters. These letters also   comes from the first
        make specific sounds, with some making more than one sound.     two letters of the Greek
        In special cases, two letters—such as c and h—combine
        to produce one unique sound different from any individual       alphabet: alpha and beta.
        letter sound, such as ch in change. Understanding when to use
        lowercase and capital letters helps improve spelling,
        and better spelling increases the overall quality of writing.




          a b c d e                             f      g h             i      j      k       l m



          n o p q                        r      s       t      u v w x                       y      z





                                These lowercase letters representing
                                the whole alphabet are arranged
                                in alphabetical order.




                           esc                                                                     _
                                   F1   F2    F3   F4    F5   F6    F7   F8    F9   F10  F11   F12
                                                                                      _
        The QWERTY keyboard—  ~  !    @     #    $    %     ^    &    *     (    )          +
        named after the first six   `  1  2  3    4    5     6    7    8     9    0     -    =
        letters and arranged in
        capital letters—was put    Q    W     E    R     T    Y    U     I    O    P     {    }
        in this order so that the                                                        [    ]
        most common letters
        were not close together,                                                     :    ”
        thereby avoiding mistakes    A    S    D     F    G    H     J    K    L
        that caused jams in                                                          ;    ’
        early typewriters.
                                       Z     X    C    V     B    N    M     <    >    ?
                                                                             ,    .    /
                                  alt                                                        alt
                           ctrl          cmd                                        cmd             ctrl
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