Page 253 - Tagalog for Beginners: An Introduction to Filipino, the National Language of the Philippines

root word

(When the word ends with a vowel, insert an h between the root word and the
affix in. This makes you avoid having two vowels together.)

Using the ni affix:

Completed Incompleted Contemplative
first two syllables of
in + root word completed aspect + first syllable of root
word + root word +
root word

Try to conjugate the following verbs on your own: laro, basa, sulat, tugtog,
sayaw, kanta, ensayo. Some verbs such as kain and inom have been studied in
earlier lessons. Then compare your verbs to the ones below:

Completed Incompleted Contemplative
nilaro nilalaro lalaruin

binasa binabasa babasahin
sinulat sinusulat susulatin

tinugtog tinutugtog tutugtugin
inensayo ineensayo eensayuhin
niluto niluluto lulutuin

The in-an affixes are more complicated affixes because when we conjugate
the root words sakay (as studied earlier), kinig, and aral, the words change too:
Thus:

Root Completed Incompleted Contemplated
sakay sinakyan sinasakyan sasakyan
aral pinag-aralan pinag-aaralan pag-aaralan

kinig pinakinggan pinakikinggan pakikinggan
nood pinanood pinanonood panonoorin

Study how the verb nood (to watch) was conjugated. When we conjugate
nood, we say pinanood, pinanonood, and panonoorin. Note that the d becomes
an r in the contemplated aspect. To understand this, you need to remember that
in the indigenous baybayin, d and r only has one symbol. D is changed into r to
make the “flow” of the syllables better.