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cleaned and blended with milk from other farms.

Now the milk has been standardized.

The next process, pasteurization, was invented by
Louis Pasteur in 1862. The French scientist devised

this method of heating milk to kill viruses, bacteria,

and mold. Milk is heated to 165 degrees Fahrenheit
(73.8 degrees Celsius) for sixteen seconds and then

cooled. Pasteurization makes milk safer to drink.
During the final step, homogenization, milk is

forced through tiny openings in a machine to break

Did You

Know . . .
Pauline Wayne was the

last family cow to live at
the White House in
Washington, D.C. She be-

longed to President William
Howard Taft, who served
from 1909 to 1913. Pauline

Wayne often grazed on the
front lawn of the White

House and in the lawns of
In order to get milk into a typical grocery store, it must be nearby public buildings.
pasteurized and homogenized by equipment like this.

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