Page 46 - (DK Eyewitness) Travel Guide - Portugal

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DISCOVER A Brief History

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The Route to a Republic
Portugal suffered many depredations during the Peninsular
War, and as a result of losing mineral-rich Brazil, which was
granted independence in 1822. A decade-long period of chaos
culminated in civil war between the Liberal Pedro IV and the
Absolutist Miguel, in what became known as the War of the Two
Brothers. Pedro IV was ultimately victorious and the second half
of the 19th century saw a period of economic revival.
Increased mechanization resulted in growing unemployment
and dis contentment among the urban poor. Republicanism
swept through the middle class and, in 1908, King Carlos was
assassinated in Lisbon’s Praça do Comércio. Two years later, an
uprising by military officers forced Manuel II – later known as
“the Unfortunate” – into exile and a republic was declared.
The New State
The early years of the Republic were marked by political and The assassination of
economic crises until a military coup in 1926 paved the way King Carlos depicted
for the so-called Estado Novo (New State) of 1933. This was in on the cover of Le
effect a dictatorship under António Salazar, who banned strikes, Petit Parisien

Timeline of events
1822 1910
Brazil declares A republic
independence is declared
from Portugal in Lisbon
1832–4
War of the Two
Brothers culminates
in the defeat of 1932
Absolutist Miguel Conservative António
Salazar becomes
prime minister
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