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Regional Overview: Australia




                                                                                                       •    Labour, consumables & energy costs were key to Australia’s costs





        Labour and energy costs represent more than half of                                 Diesel prices in CRU macro assumptions saw a record 45% inflation since 2021
        Australia’s site costs                                                              Australia – selected unit prices, 2020-2024, $/unit
        Australia – Site cost by driver, 2022, %
                                                                                            $/hr & $/MWh                                                                         $/l
                                                                                             160                                                                                    1.0




                                                                    Royalties Costs          120                                                                                     +45%
                                                                    Labour Costs
                                                                    Power Costs
                          Average                                   Fuel Costs
                         Site Cost                                  Explosives Costs          80                                                                                    0.5
                         11,350 $/t                                 Chemicals Costs

                                                                    Grinding Media Cost
                                                                    Consumables Costs         40                                                                         Labour
                                                                    Maintenance Costs                                                                                    Power
                                                                                                                                                                         Diesel
                                                                                                                                                                                    0.0
                                                                                                2020                2021                2022                2023                2024








        Data: CRU                                                                                                                                                                        18
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