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there are limited studies on the application of natural fibres hybrid composites,

especially for structural and high-end applications. The dynamic behaviours of hybrid
composites in resisting high-strain rate loading conditions need a comprehensive study

from researchers. In addition, there are still critical issues that limit their future use,
including long-term performance and the prediction of performance ability during

service. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the utilisation of natural resources
as reinforcement in creating hybrid composite materials to resist static and dynamic

loading conditions.

1.2 Problem Statement

Presently, composite materials have been extensively used in non-structural

and structural applications and their applications as alternative materials have gained
attention from industries, manufacturers and researchers. Almost all current structural

designs and application use metal, which is quite popular in manufacturing and

building works. However, since it is an unrenewable resource, the price of metal
increases periodically. In addition, the heavy weight structures are consumable, hence

it is not highly preferable for high end applications. In this regard, the fibre reinforced
composites have been widely sought after as an alternative material that can be used

to reduce mass [7]. As a result, they are mostly used in aerospace applications due to
their high strength-to-weight ratio. For instance, composite materials are extensively

used in the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, particularly in its airframe and primary structure

with the intention to reduce 30 percent of airframe maintenance costs and to speed-up
the revenue service more often than any other commercial airplanes [8]. Therefore, the

aircraft consists of 50% composites, 20% aluminium, 15% titanium, 10% Steel and
5% other materials. Figure 1.1 presents the five years (2016 to 2021) forecast for the

demand of composite materials by sectors, which keeps increasing from year to year

as reported by Lucintel [9].

2