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Dialysis disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS)









       Risk factor




        First HD with high BUN > 125                                                Etiology


             mg/dl
                                                                                      Rapid urea removal


        Severe metabolic acidosis                                                    Intracerebral acidosis




        Extremes of age : child or



             aging



        CNS disorder (stroke, tumor,



             dementia,hypo-Na), head                                                          cerebral edema



             injury (subdural hematoma)
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