Page 7 - Modul A+1 Kimia Tingkatan 4

BAB
2 Jirim dan Struktur Atom

Matter and the Atomic Structure

2.1 Konsep Asas Jirim Buku Teks
Basic Concepts of Matter m.s. 24-28

A Maksud Jirim
Meaning of Matter
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1. Jirim ialah sesuatu yang mempunyai jisim dan memenuhi ruang . TP 1
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space .

2. Jirim terdiri daripada zarah-zarah yang halus dan diskrit . TP 1
Matter is made up of tiny and discrete particles.

B Perubahan Keadaan Jirim
Changes in the States of Matter
1. Jirim mengalami perubahan keadaan apabila tenaga haba diserap atau dibebaskan . TP 1

Matter undergoes changes in state when heat energy is absorbed or released .
2. Apabila tenaga haba diserap atau dibebaskan, perubahan berlaku ke atas: TP 2
When heat energy is absorbed or released, changes occur on the:
(a) Tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah/ Kinetic energy of particles

(b) Susunan zarah-zarah/ Arrangement of particles
(c) Daya tarikan antara zarah / Forces of attraction between particles
3. Lengkapkan saling perubahan antara keadaan jirim pada Rajah 2.1. TP 2
Complete the conversion between states of matter in Diagram 2.1.
Pemejalwapan
Sublimation

Peleburan Pendidihan/ Penyejatan
Melting Boiling/ Evaporation

Pepejal Pembekuan Cecair Kondensasi Gas
Solid Liquid
Freezing Condensation

Pengendapan Petunjuk/ Key:
Deposition Tenaga haba diserap
Heat energy is absorbed
Rajah/Diagram 2.1 Tenaga haba dibebaskan
Heat energy is released
4. Jirim wujud dalam tiga keadaan, iaitu pepejal , cecair dan gas . TP 1
solid liquid gas
Matter exists in three states, namely , and .
Tip SPM

Bahan yang mengalami pemejalwapan apabila dipanaskan:
Substances that undergo sublimation when heated:
• Iodin / Iodine
• Ammonium klorida / Ammonium chloride
• Ais kering (pepejal karbon dioksida) / Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide)

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