Page 216 - Color_Atlas_of_Physiology_5th_Ed._-_A._Despopoulos_2003

A. Work diagram of the heart (left ventricle)
kPa mmHg 1 Isovolumic (iso-
40 300 volumetric) peaks

T Isotonic (iso-
baric) peaks
peak curve
30 200 Afterloaded 2 Afterloaded Ventricular Pressure–Volume Relationships
peak curve
Left ventricular blood pressure 20 S =Systolic Ventricular pressure

pressure
K
100
= Aortic valve Ventricular volume
10 closure D =Aortic Plate 8.9
valve opening
Systolic pressure/volume work Resting
M A tension curve
V Diastolic pressure/volume work
0 0
0 100 200 mL
Blood volume in left ventricle
End-systolic Stroke
volume volume
(ESV) (SV)
End-diastolic
volume (EDV)

B. Effects of pretension (preload) (1), heart rate and sympathetic stimuli (2)
on myocardial force and contraction velocity
Norepinephrine administered
1 2 at heart rate of 60min –1
Heart rate: 60min –1
Myocardial force High Myocardial force
–1
Resting tension:
Heart rate: 30min
Medium
Low
0 0
0 0.5 1.0 0 0.5 1.,0
Time (s) Time (s)
203
(See text on next page) (After Sonnenblick)
Despopoulos, Color Atlas of Physiology © 2003 Thieme
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