Page 92 - Color_Atlas_of_Physiology_5th_Ed._-_A._Despopoulos_2003

A. Schematic view of autonomic nervous system (ANS)
Parasympathetic division Controlled Sympathetic division
(Thoracic and lumbar centers)
(Craniosacral centers) by Transmitter substances:
Transmitter substances: superordinate Preganglionic: Acetylcholine
Preganglionic: Acetylcholine centers Postganglionic: Norepinephrine
Postganglionic: Acetylcholine (Exception: Sweat glands,
some muscular blood vessels)
III
VII
IX
X
Eye α
β Eye
α
Vagus Glands
Glands nerve Organization of ANS
β
Heart Heart
α
Bronchi Plate 3.1
β
Blood vessels
α
Thoracic
β
Gastrointestinal Smooth muscle
tract
Liver
Pancreas
α β
+
Lumbar Fat and sugar metabolism
Ureter
Cholinergic
Lower colon
β Sweat glands
α
Sacral
Urinary Genitals
bladder Genitals
Urinary bladder Adrenal medulla
Cholinoceptors Adrenoceptors:
Nicotinic receptors: α Usually excitatory
– All postganglionic, (except in GI tract, where
autonomic ganglia cells they are indirect relaxants)
and dendrites β Usually inhibitory
– Adrenal medulla (except in heart, where
Muscarinic receptors: they are excitatory)
– All target organs innervated mainly in heart
by postganglionic para- β 1
sympathetic nerve fibers β 2 in bronchi, urinary bladder,
(and sweat glands innervated uterus, gastrointestinal tract,
by sympathetic fibers) etc.
79
Postganglionic: Cholinergic Preganglionic: Cholinergic Postganglionic: Adrenergic
Despopoulos, Color Atlas of Physiology © 2003 Thieme
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