Page 325 - Hall et al (2015) Principles of Critical Care-McGraw-Hill
P. 325
References 3
63. Ibrahim EH, Mehringer L, Prentice D, et al. Early versus late 80. Suchner U, Heyland DK, Peter K. Immune-modulatory actions of
enteral feeding of mechanically ventilated patients: results of a arginine in the critically ill. Br J Nutr. 2002;87(suppl 1):S121-S132.
clinical trial. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2002;26:174-181. 81. Ochoa JB, Bernard AC, O’Brien WE, et al. Arginase I expression
64. Mentec H, Dupont H, Bocchetti M, Cani P, Ponche F, Bleichner G. and activity in human mononuclear cells after injury. Ann Surg.
Upper digestive intolerance during enteral nutrition in critically 2001;233(3):393-399.
ill patients: frequency, risk factors, and complications. Crit Care 82. Luiking YC, Poeze M, Ramsay G, Deutz NE. Reduced citrulline
Med. 2001;29(10):1955-1961. production in sepsis is related to diminished de novo arginine
65. Artinian V, Krayem H, DiGiovine B. Effects of early enteral and nitric oxide production. Am J Clin Nutr. January 2009;89(1):
feeding on the outcome of critically ill mechanically ventilated 142-152.
medical patients. Chest. April 2006;129(4):960-967. 83. Kao CC, Bandi V, Guntupalli KK, Wu M, Castillo L, Jahoor F.
66. Khalid I, Doshi P, DiGiovine B. Early enteral nutrition and Arginine, citrulline and nitric oxide metabolism in sepsis. Clin
outcomes of critically ill patients treated with vasopressors and Sci (Lond). June 2, 2009;117(1):23-30.
mechanical ventilation. Am J Crit Care. May 2010;19(3):261-268. 84. Visser M, Vermeulen M, Richir M, van Leeuwen P, Oudemans-
67. Lukan JK, McClave SA, Stefater AJ, et al. Poor validity of van Straaten H. Arginine/ADMA as a predictor of cardiac
residual volumes as a marker for risk of aspiration. Amer J Clin output in septic shock patients. ESPEN, 2009. Clin Nutr. 2009;
Nutrit. 2002;75(2S):417-418S. 4(suppl 2):8.
68. McClave SA, Demeo MT, Delegge MH, et al. North American 85. Critical Care Nutrition. Section 4.2: Composition of EN:
Summit on Aspiration in the Critically Ill Patient: consensus Arginine Containing Diets http://www.criticalcarenutrition.
statement. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2002;26(6):S80-S85. com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=18&It
69. Heyland DK, Drover JW, MacDonald S, Novak F, Lam M. Effect emid=10. Accessed March 25, 2011.
of postpyloric feeding on gastroesophageal regurgitation and 86. Heyland DK, Novak F. Immunonutrition in the critically ill
pulmonary microaspiration: results of a randomized controlled patient: more harm than good? JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr.
trial. Crit Care Med. 2001;29(8):1495-1501. 2001;25:S51-S55.
70. Critical Care Nutrition. Clinical Practice Guidelines. http:// 87. Bertolini G, Iapichino G, Radrizzani D, et al. Early enteral
www.criticalcarenutrition.com/index.php?option=com_conte immunonutrition in severely septic patients: results of an
nt&view=article&id=18&Itemid=10. Accessed March 23, 2011. interim analysis of a randomized multicenter trial. Int Care
71. Drakulovic MB, Torres A, Bauer TT, Nicolas JM, Nogue S, Med. 2003;29:834-840.
Ferrer M. Supine body position as a risk factor for nosocomial 88. Bower RH, Cerra FB, Bershadsky B, et al. Early enteral admin-
pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients: a randomised istration of a formula (Impact) supplemented with arginine,
trial. Lancet. 1999;354(9193):1851-1858. nucleotides, and fish oil in intensive care unit patients: results of
72. van Nieuwenhoven CA, Vandenbroucke-Grauls C, van Tiel a multicenter, prospective, randomized, clinical trial. Crit Care
FH, et al. Feasibility and effects of the semirecumbent posi- Med. March 1995;23(3):436-449.
tion to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia: a randomized 89. Dent, DL, Heyland DK, Levy H, et al. Immunonutrition may
study.Crit Care Med. 2006;34(2):396-402. increase mortality in critically ill patients with Pneumonia:
73. Booth CM, Heyland DK, Paterson WG. Gastrointestinal pro- Results of a randomized trial. Crit Care Med. 2003;30:A17.
motility drugs in the critical care setting: a systematic review of 90. Galban C, Montejo JC, Mesejo A, et al. An immune-enhancing
the evidence. Crit Care Med. July 2002;30(7):1429-1435. enteral diet reduces mortality rate and episodes of bacteremia
74. Nguyen NQ, Chapman M, Fraser RJ, Bryant LK, Burgstad C, in septic intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med. March
Holloway RH. Prokinetic therapy for feed intolerance in crit- 2000;28(3):643-648.
ical illness: one drug or two? Crit Care Med. November 91. Schloerb PR. Immune-enhancing diets: products, compo-
2007;35(11):2561-2567. nents, and their rationales. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2001;
75. Heyland DK, Konopad E, Alberda C, Keefe L, Cooper C, 25(2 suppl):S3-S7.
Cantwell B. How well do critically ill patients tolerate early, 92. Fan Y, Chapkin RS. Importance of dietary γ-linoleic acid in
intragastric enteral feeding? Results of a prospective multicenter human health and nutrition. J Nutrit. 1998;128:1411-1414.
trial. Nutr Clin Pract. 1999;14:23-28. 93. Gadek JE, DeMichele SJ, Karlstad MD, et al. Effect of enteral
76. Spain DA, McClave SA, Sexton LK, et al. Infusion protocol feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and
improves delivery of enteral tube feeding in the critical care antioxidants in patients with acute respiratory distress syn-
unit. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1999;23:288-292. drome. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:1409-1420.
77. Heyland DK, Cahill NE, Dhaliwal R, Sun X, Day AG, 94. Pontes-Arruda A, Aragao AM, Albuquerque JD. Effects of enteral
McClave SA. Impact of enteral feeding protocols on enteral nutri- feeding with eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and
tion delivery: results of a multicenter observational study. JPEN J antioxidants in mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis
Parenter Enteral Nutr. November-December 2010;34(6):675-684. and septic shock. Crit Care Med. September 2006;34(9):2325-2333.
78. Montejo JC, Miñambres E, Bordejé L, et al. Gastric residual 95. Singer P, Theilla M, Fisher H, Gibstein L, Grozovski E, Cohen
volume during enteral nutrition in ICU patients: the REGANE J. Benefit of an enteral diet enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid
study. Intensive Care Med. August 2010;36(8):1386-1393. and gamma-linolenic acid in ventilated patients with acute lung
79. McClave SA, Lukan JK, Stefater JA, et al. Poor validity of injury. Crit Care Med. April 2006;34(4):1033-1038.
residual volumes as a marker for risk of aspiration in critically 96. Grau-Carmona T, Moran-Garcia V, de Lorenzo AC, et al. Effect
ill patients. Crit Care Med. February 2005;33(2):324-330. of an enteral feeding with eicosapentaenoic and gamma-linoleic
Section02-O-ref.indd 3 12/10/2014 8:59:21 PM

