Page 229 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation 195

TABLE 7-1 Terms Used in NPPV

Abbreviation Term Notes

NPPV Noninvasive positive 1. Ventilation without an artificial airway
pressure ventilation 2. May be used as CPAP or bilevel PAP
CPAP Continuous positive 1. Positive airway pressure during spontaneous
airway pressure breaths
2. No mechanical breaths
3. CPAP is active when IPAP 5 EPAP

Bilevel PAP Bilevel positive 1. Provides IPAP and EPAP
airway pressure 2. CPAP is active when IPAP 5 EPAP
3. Also known as BiPAP™
IPAP Inspiratory positive 1. Controls peak inspiratory pressure during
airway pressure inspiration

EPAP Expiratory positive 1. Controls end-expiratory pressure
airway pressure 2. Used as CPAP when IPAP 5 EPAP
3. Used as PEEP when IPAP . EPAP

PEEP Positive end-expiratory 1. Positive airway pressure at end expiratory
pressure phase
2. With mechanical breaths
PS Pressure Support 1. Positive pressure plateau to augment
spontaneous V T

PCV Pressure-controlled 1. Ventilation provided by a preset peak
ventilation inspiratory pressure

PPV Positive pressure 1. Ventilation provided by a positive
ventilation airway pressure

© Cengage Learning 2014

USE Of CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRwAy
PRESSURE (CPAP)

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) provides positive airway pressure
continuous positive airway
pressure (CPAP): CPAP does during spontaneous breaths and it does not include any mechanical breaths. For
not include any mechanical this reason, the work of breathing is entirely assumed by the patient. CPAP is dis-
breaths.
cussed in this chapter because it shares many similar characteristics with other
strategies of NPPV (e.g., lack of artificial airway, use of nasal or oronasal mask, use
of airway pressures). In fact, when the inspiratory pressure and expiratory pressure
of a bilevel positive airway pressure device are set at the same level, the effect is
similar to that of CPAP.

Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.