Page 607 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation 573

5. Which of the following statements is true regarding surfactant replacement therapy?
A. Survanta® is a synthetic preparation.
B. Exosurf Neonatal® currently available in the U.S.
C. Surfactant replacement works on all infants.
D. Surfactant replacement reduces the severity of RDS.

6. During _______ controlled ventilation, the ventilator delivers a variable _______ depending on a pa-
tient’s lung compliance or airflow resistance.
A. pressure-, volume C. volume-, flow
B. pressure-, flow D. volume-, volume

7. During pressure-controlled ventilation, a lower tidal volume would result when the patient’s compliance
is _______ or airflow resistance is _______.
A. increased, increased C. decreased, increased
B. increased, decreased D. decreased, decreased

8. A blood gas report done on a neonate shows a PaCO of 58 mm Hg. The physician asks the therapist to
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increase the delivered volume via pressure-controlled ventilation. The therapist should increase the:
A. tidal volume. C. expiratory time.
B. peak inspiratory pressure. D. positive end-expiratory pressure.

9. During mechanical ventilation, the volume loss in the circuit and humidifier may be minimized by using
a circuit and humidifier with:
A. large mechanical deadspace volume.
B. heated wire.
C. low compression factor.
D. high compression factor.

10. A heated wire is sometimes placed on the inspiratory side of the circuit to reduce _______ in the ventila-
tor circuit.
A. airway resistance C. contamination
B. condensation D. circuit temperature

11. The general indications for mechanical ventilation include all of the following except:
A. acute alveolar hyperventilation.
B. apnea.
C. acute respiratory acidosis.
D. acute hypoxemia (PaO ,50 mm Hg with supplemental oxygen).
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12. When using pressure-controlled ventilation, the tidal volume delivered by the ventilator may be
estimated by:
A. I time 1 Flow rate. C. I time 1 E time.
B. I time 3 Flow rate. D. Flow rate/I time.

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