Page 609 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal Mechanical Ventilation 575

22. In addition to the F O control on a high frequency oscillator, a patient’s oxygenation status can be im-
I
2
proved by increasing the:
A. power. C. mean airway pressure.
B. frequency. D. amplitude.

23. A neonate who is diagnosed with severe RDS has been deteriorating over the past 12 hours. The physi-
cian asks a therapist to evaluate this neonate for possible extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
therapy. The therapist should recommend the neonate for ECMO therapy if she:
A. has a gestational age of more than 34 weeks.
B. weighs less than 2,000 g.
C. has evidence of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).
D. has been mechanically ventilated for more than 2 weeks.

24. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy should be considered only when the patient has
a(n) _______ percent predicted mortality rate using the conventional ventilator management strategies.
A. 20 C. 60
B. 40 D. 80

25. All of the following may be used to predict an 80% mortality rate under conventional ventilator manage-
ment strategies except:
A. A-a gradient of 605 to 620 mm Hg for 4 to 12 hours.
B. oxygen index of 0.35 to 0.6 for 30 min to 6 hours.
C. PaO of 35 to 50 for 2 to 12 hours.
2
D. pH of less than 7.25 for 2 hours with hypertension.

26. Which of the following statements is true concerning the venoarterial route in ECMO therapy?
A. Blood is removed from the right common carotid artery.
B. Blood is removed from the brachial or femoral artery.
C. Blood is returned to the aortic arch via the right common carotid artery.
D. Blood is returned to the aortic arch via the internal jugular vein.

27. Which of the following statements is true concerning the venovenous route in ECMO therapy?
A. Blood is removed from the right atrium via the right carotid artery.
B. Blood is removed from the right atrium via the femoral vein.
C. Blood is returned to the right atrium via the femoral vein.
D. Blood is returned to the aortic arch via the internal jugular vein.

28. The _______ route in ECMO therapy supports cardiac function because the blood is returned to the
_______.
A. venoarterial, aortic arch via the common carotid artery
B. venoarterial, right atrium via the femoral vein
C. venovenous, aortic arch via the common carotid artery
D. venovenous, right atrium via the femoral vein

Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.