Page 770 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

736 Index

Vital capacity, 217, 521, 524 pressure support ventilation, 340–343
Vital signs, 217 pressure-controlled ventilation, 337–340, 343–345
blood pressure, 243–244 pressure-time waveform, 314–317
heart rate, 243, 244t pressure-volume loop, 359–363
monitoring, 243–246 spontaneous ventilation, 323–325
respiratory frequency, 244–245 synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation,
temperature, 245–246 323–324
V-Leonardo, 606t volume-controlled ventilation, 312–323, 312f
Vocal cords, 160, 168 Weaning, 100, 224
Volume alarms, 76 criteria, 520–526, 520t
Volume assist (VA), 105–106 oxygenation, 520t, 522–524
Volume control plus (VC+), 68, 109 pulmonary measurements, 524–526
Volume controller, 59 pulmonary reserve, 524
Volume guarantee (VG), 566, 567 ventilatory, 520–522
Volume support (VS), 109, 530 failure, 517–519
Volume ventilation plus (VV+), 108–109 causes of, 533–534
Volume ventilators, 59 signs of, 531–532, 532t
Volume waveforms, 73–74, 73f from HFOV, 385–386
Volume-assisted cycles (VAV), 530 from mechanical ventilation, 516–543
Volume-assured pressure support (VAPS), 106–107, patient condition prior to, 519, 519t
530, 566 from PEEP, 384, 384t
Volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), 28, 29–30, 66, 110f, procedure, 527–530
220, 311, 566 in progress, 518
effects of constant flow during, 312–323 protocol, 530, 531t
effects of descending ramp flow waveform during, rapid shallow breathing index and, 526
328–336 success, 517–518
neonatal, 553 terminal, 534–536
Volume-time waveform, 321f, 334–335, 335f Weaning index, 700
Volutrauma, 409 Wheezes, 248t
V/Q (ventilation/perfusion) mismatch, 12, 13–14, 13t Withdrawal of life support, 534–536
Withdrawal syndrome, and benzodiazepines, 441
W Work of breathing, 533
and airway resistance, 3, 4–5
Water metabolism, 90 and auto-PEEP, 393
Water-soluble lubricant, 161 and compliance, 10
Waveform analysis, 307–372 and nutrition, 42–43
continuous positive airway pressure, 325 and Otis Equation, 105f
controlled mandatory ventilation, 317–318 PSV mode and, 103
descending ramp flow waveform, 328–336
as diagnostic tool, 352–357 X
flow-time waveform, 313
flow-volume loop, 363, 364f Xanthine bronchodilators, 427–429, 428t
introduction to, 309–310
key abbreviations, 310t Z
mathematical analysis, 320–323, 322–323t Zemuron, 434t, 437t
for patient-ventilator system assessment, 345–352
positive pressure ventilation, 311–312, 311f

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