Page 252 - Encyclopedia of Nursing Research

HeNDerSON’S MODel n 219

practice and provides an excellent, compre- the most widely used nursing textbook in
hensive, and extensive literature review of english- and Spanish-speaking worlds. A
the research related to pA and central venous third book, The Nature of Nursing (Henderson, H
pressure and is ranked according to the 1966, 1991), included implications for how
strength of evidence. nursing could provide direction for four
There is a growing body of evidence and essential functions of a profession: ser-
support for less invasive methods of hemody- vice, education, research, and leadership.
namic monitoring as a result of continued con- Henderson’s model of nursing is most suc-
troversy regarding the safety and efficacy of cinctly presented in the International council
the traditional pA. Minimally invasive/non- of Nurses’s Basic Principles of Nursing Care, a
invasive forms of hemodynamic monitoring work available in 30 of the world’s languages.
are on the forefront providing new insights Basic nursing care means helping patients
into the dynamic rather than static mea- with activities such as eating and drinking
surements of the heart. critical care nurses adequately, eliminating body wastes, and
must be well trained, knowledgeable in the- moving and maintaining desirable pos-
oretical concepts, and competent in techni- tures or providing conditions under which
cal aspects of the catheter to ensure patient he can perform them unaided. Henderson
safety and appropriate use of the technology. also described conditions in persons that
Nurses must therefore continue their conduct always affect basic needs such as nursing
of research in hemodynamic monitoring to care of a newborn or the dying. According to
reexamine existing practices and traditions, Henderson’s model, the nurse is temporarily
and replication studies on the knowledge the consciousness of the unconscious, the love
and clinical competency of nurses caring for of life for the suicidal, the leg of the amputee,
patients with pA catheters are encouraged. the eyes of the newly blind, a means of loco-
Studies examining new technology in hemo- motion for the infant, the knowledge and con-
dynamic monitoring will add to the growing fidence for the young mother, and a “voice”
body of knowledge and continue to advance for those too weak to speak (Henderson, 1997,
the art and science of nursing. pp. 23–24).
Nite and Willis (1964) explicitly tested
Maureen Keckeisen the Henderson model of nursing in clinical
experiments of effective nursing care for car-
diac patients. Brooten and Naylor (1995) and
Naylor et al. (1999) implicitly examined this
HenDerson’s MoDel model in clinical research. The “nurse dose”
that they seek to measure may indeed be some
quantified measure of this unique function.
Since 1960, when the International council Three of Henderson’s papers extend
of Nurses first published the Basic Principles her model: two by validation and the other
of Nursing Care, a work their Nursing by contradiction. The Concept of Nursing
Service committee commissioned, Virginia (Henderson, 1978) specifically addressed
Henderson’s description of nursing and the her work as a model. Preserving the Essence of
unique function of the nurse has been used Nursing in a Technological Age (Halloran, 1995,
throughout the world to standardize nurs- p. 96) extended her ideas to include services
ing practice. The Basic Principles of Nursing nurses provide in intensive care units and
Care was written just after the 1955 publica- was organized using the four essential pro-
tion of Harmer and Henderson’s Textbook of fessional functions first depicted in The Nature
the Principles and Practice of Nursing, fifth edi- of Nursing: practice, education, research, and
tion (Henderson, 1955), which until 1975 was leadership. In Nursing Process—Is the Title