Page 89 - Encyclopedia of Nursing Research

56 n CLInICAL CARE CLASSIFICATIon SYSTEM

in a variety of formats and from a variety and designed for measuring outcomes
of sources. Whereas indexing began with and determining care costs, workload, and
C fewer than 10 journals, the current journal resources in any health care information
list includes more than 3,000 titles. Content technology (HIT) system. The CCC System
other than that listed above includes practice version 2.1 is based on a coded, standard-
guidelines, practice acts, standards of prac- ized, and unified framework for electronic
tice, critical pathways, and even full text of documentation, processing, retrieval, and
some journal articles. This is far too much analysis following the conceptual frame-
material for any individual to subscribe to work of the American nurses Association
or otherwise acquire randomly, making an (AnA) six nursing process standards (2003)
index to the material essential. “Increased (assessment, diagnosis, outcome identifica-
emphasis on professionalization of nursing tion, planning, implementation, and evalua-
and clinical competence” (Pravikoff, 1993, tion) to assess, to document, and to evaluate
p. 33), changes in health care delivery, and a patient holistically.
ever-increasing time pressures make any tool The CCC System is the first national
that assists in gathering information critical nursing Standard accepted by the Depart-
to practice. Searching this material on a reg- ment of Health and Human Services as a
ular basis should be a professional obligation coded interoperable terminology for the
of members of all health care disciplines for information exchange of health data in the
the duration of their careers. Evidence-based electronic health record through the office
nursing practice requires access to the best of the national Coordinator for Health
available information to “provide the most Information Technology and the office
consistent and best possible care to patients” of the national Coordinator Healthcare
(Pravikoff, Tanner, & Pierce, 1994, p. 40). Information Technology Standards Panel
Biosurveillance Technical Committee in
Diane Shea Pravikoff the first set of approximately 55 standards
adopted by the Department of Health and
Human Services Secretary in 2007 and 2008.
The CCC System is free with permission,
CliniCal Care consists of atomic-level concepts and open
source/open architecture for documenta-
ClassiFiCation systeM tion of patient care in the electronic health
record systems. The CCC is interoperable
with the American national Standards
The Clinical Care Classification (CCC) Institute, Health Level Seven, integrated
System, previously known as the Home in Logical observations Identifiers names
Health Care Classification System (version and Codes, meets the Cimino criteria for
1.0), is a standardized, coded nursing termi- a standardized terminology, is an AnA
nology system that identifies discrete atomic- recognized terminology, and conforms
level concepts and data elements of nursing to ISo Reference Terminology Model for
practice. The CCC System provides a unified nursing (ISo-18104). The CCC System is
framework and coding structure for nurses also indexed in the Metathesaurus of the
and allied health professionals to electroni- Unified Medical Language System and
cally capture and document the “essence Cumulative Index of nursing and Allied
of care” in all health care settings. The Health Literature.
CCC System is a clinical decision- support The CCC System was developed as part
terminology developed empirically from of a federally funded research study by
research of live patient care data records the Health Care Financing Administration