Page 123 - ACCCN's Critical Care Nursing
P. 123

100  S C O P E   O F   C R I T I C A L   C A R E

           4.  Johnstone  M.  Bioethics:  a  nursing  perspective,  4th  edn.  Sydney:  Churchill   39.  Sprung CL, Carmel S, Sjokvist P et al. Attitudes of European doctors, nurses,
             Livingstone; 2004.                                   patients and families regarding end of life decisions. The ETHICATT Study.
           5.  Tschudin  V.  The  words  private  and  costly  certainly  figure  large  in  nurses’   Intens Care Med 2007; 33: 104–10.
             work. Nurs Ethics 2002; 9(2): 119.                40.  Bachman JG, Alcser KH, Doukas DJ, Lichtenstein RL, Corning AD, Brody H.
           6.  Beauchamp TL, Childress JF. Principles of biomedical ethics, 5th edn. New York:   Attitudes of Michigan physicians and the public toward legalizing physician-
             Oxford University Press; 2001.                       assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 303–9.
           7.  The Belmont Report: ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human   41.  Sjokvist P, Cook D, Berggren L, Guyatt GH. A cross-cultural comparison of
             subjects of research. Washington, DC: National Commission for the Protection   attitudes towards life support limitation in Sweden and Canada. Clin Inten-
             of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioural Research; 1979.  sive Care 1998; 9: 81–5.
           8.  National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). National State-  42.  Uhlmann RF, Pearlman RA, Cain KC. Physicians’ and spouses’ prediction of
             ment on Ethical Conduct in Research Involving Humans. Canberra: Common-  elderly patients’ resuscitation preferences. J Gerontol 1988; 43: M115–21.
             wealth of Australia; 1999.                        43.  Ravenscroft A, Bell M. ‘End-of-life’ decision making within intensive care:
           9.  Bailey S. Ethically defensible decision-making in health care: challenges to   objective, consistent, defensible? J Med Ethics 2000; 26: 435–40.
             traditional practice. Aust Health Rev 2001a; 24(4): 27–31.  44.  National Health and Medical Research Council. Organ and Tissue Donation
          10.  Staunton P, Chiarella M. Nursing  and  the  law, 5th  edn. Sydney:  Churchill   After Death, for Transplantation: Guidelines for Ethical Practice for Health Profes-
             Livingstone; 2004.                                   sionals. Canberra: NHMRC 2007.
          11.  Consent to Medical Treatment and Palliative Care Act 1995 (SA).  45.  Becker P, Grunwald P. Contextual dynamics of ethical decision making in
          12.  New Zealand Ministry of Health. Operational Standard for Ethics Committees.   the NICU. J Perinat Neonat Nurs 2000; 14(2): 58–72.
             Wellington: Ministry of Health; 2002.             46.  Coombs  M,  Ersser  SJ.  Medical  hegemony  in  decision-making:  a  barrier
          13.  Health and Disability Commissioner. Annual Report of the Health and Dis-  to  interdisciplinary  working  in  intensive  care?  J  Adv  Nurs  2004;  46(3):
             ability Commissioner for the year ended 30 June 2002. Auckland: Health and   245–52.
             Disability Commissioner; 2002.                    47.  Cobanoglu  N,  Algier  L.  A  qualitative  analysis  of  ethical  problems  experi-
          14.  International Council of Nurses (ICN) Code of Ethics. http://www.icn.ch/  enced by physicians and nurses in intensive care units in Turkey. Nurs Ethics
             publications/position-statements/                    2004; 11(5): 444–58.
          15.  Nursing Council of New Zealand. 2004 Code of conduct for nurses. http://  48.  Murray  M,  Miller  T,  Fiset  V,  O’Connor  A,  Jacobsen  M.  Decision  support:
             www.nursingcouncil.org.nz/index.cfm/1,25,html/Home   helping patients and families to find a balance at the end of life. Int J Palliat
          16.  Gulam  H.  Consent  Tips  for  health  care  professionals.  Aust  Nurs  J  2004;   Nurs 2004; 10(6): 270–77.
             12(2); 17–19.                                     49.  Bailey S. In whose interests? The best interests principle under ethical scru-
          17.  Aveyard  H.  Implied  consent  prior  to  nursing  care  procedures.  J  Adv  Nurs   tiny. Aust Crit Care 2001b; 14(4): 161–4.
             2002; 39(2): 201–7.                               50.  De Grazia D. Value theory and the best interests standard. Bioethics 1995;
          18.  Rogers v Whitaker (1992) 175 CLR 479.              9(1): 50–61.
          19.  Rischbieth A, Blythe D. Ethics Handbook for Researchers, Australian and New   51.  Bailey  S.  Decision-making  in  health  care:  limitations  of  the  substituted
             Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group (CTG), Mel-  judgement principle. Nurs Ethics 2002; 9(5): 483–96.
             bourne, Wakefield Press; 2005.                    52.  Wareham P, McCallin A, Diesfeld K. Advance directives: the New Zealand
          20.  Wallace M. Health care and the law. Sydney: Lawbook Co; 2001.  context. Nurs Ethics 2005; 12(4): 349–59.
          21.  Human Rights Act 1998. London: Stationery Office, 1998.  53.  Childress J. Dying patients:. who’s in control? Law, Med Health Care 1989;
          22.  O’Neill  O.  Symposium  on  consent  and  confidentiality.  Some  limits  on   17(3): 227–8.
             informed consent. J Med Ethics 2003; 29: 4–7.     54.  Choice in Dying. Choice in Dying: an historical perspective. Washington, DC:
          23.  Doyal L. Communicating and understanding risk. Informed consent: moral   CID; 2007.
             necessity or illusion. Qual Health Care 2001; 10: 29–33.  55.  Wynn F. Reflecting on the ongoing aftermath of heart transplantation: Jean-
          24.  General Medical Council. Seeking patients’ consent: the ethical considerations.   Luc Nancy’s L’intrus. Nursing Inquiry 2009; 16(1): 3–9.
             London: General Medical Council; 1999. p. 2.      56.  Bailey S. The concept of futility in health care decision-making. Nurs Ethics
          25.  McConnell T. Inalienable rights: the limits to informed consent in medicine and   2004; 11(1): 78–84.
             the law. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. p. 1–78.  57.  Schneiderman L, Jecker N, Jonsen A. Medical futility: response to critiques.
          26.  Health  Research  Council  of  New  Zealand  (HRCNZ),  Guidelines  on  Ethics  Ann Intern Med 1996; 125(8): 669–74.
             in Health Research, Auckland, March 2002, http://www.hrc.govt.nz/ethicgui.  58.  New South Wales Health. Guidelines for end-of-life care and decision-making.
             htm                                                  Sydney: NSW Department of Health; 2005.
          27.  Health  Research  Council  of  New  Zealand.  Operational  Standard  for  Ethics   59.  Buiting H, van Delden J, Onwuteaka-Philipsen B, Rietjens J, Rurup M et al.
             Committees. Auckland: HRCNZ; 2002.                   Reporting of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the Netherlands:
          28.  Leppa  C,  Terry  C.  Reflective  practice  in  nursing  ethics  education:  interna-  descriptive study. BMC Med Ethics 2009; 10(1): 18.
             tional collaboration. J Adv Nurs 2004; 48(2): 195–202.  60.  Wlody G. Critical Care Nurses: moral agents in the ICU. In: JP Orlowski, ed.
          29.  Hall K. Intensive care ethics in evolution. Bioethics 1997; 11(3&4): 241–5.  Ethics in critical care medicine. Baltimore: University Publishing Group; 1999.
          30.  Oberle K, Hughes D. Doctors’ and nurses’ perceptions of ethical problems   p. 513–46.
             in end-of-life decisions. J Adv Nurs 2001; 33(6): 707–15.  61.  Australian  Nursing  and  Midwifery  Council  2002  Code  of  Ethics,  http://
          31.  Luce J. Making decisions about the forgoing of life-sustaining therapy. Am J   www.anmc.org.au/
             Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156: 1715–18.          62.  Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS). The ANZICS
          32.  Orlowski J. Ethics in critical care medicine. Baltimore, MD: University Publish-  Statement  on  death  and  organ  donation  (Edition  3.1).  Melbourne:  ANZICS,
             ing Group; 1999.                                     2010.
          33.  Rocker G, Dunbar S. Withholding or withdrawal of life support: the Cana-  63.  Ogata J, Imakita M, Yutani C, Miyamoto S, Kikuchi H. Primary brainstem
             dian Critical Care Society position paper. J Palliat Care 2000; Oct16(Suppl):   death:  a  clinico-pathological  study.  J  Neurol  Neurosurg  Psychiat  1988;  51:
             S53–62.                                              646–50.
          34.  Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS). The ANZICS   64.  Greer  DM,  Varelas  PN,  Haque  S,  Wijdicks  EF.  Variability  of  brain  death
             Statement on Withholding and Withdrawing Treatment (version 1), Melbourne;   determination guidelines in leading US neurologic institutions. Neurol 2008;
             2003                                                 70:284–9.
          35.  Prendergast TJ, Claessens MT, Luce JM. A national survey of end-of-life care   65.  Wijdicks, E. Brain death worldwide. Accepted fact but no global consensus
             for critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:1163–67.  in diagnostic criteria. Neurol 2002; 58: 20–25.
          36.  Society of Critical Care Medicine Ethics Committee. Attitudes of critical care   66  Australian Government Organ & Tissue Authority. National Protocol fo Dona-
             professionals concerning forgoing life-sustaining treatments. Crit Care Med   tion  after  Cardiac  Death.  Canberra:  NHMRC;  2010,  available  from  http://
             1992; 20: 320–26.                                    www.donatelife.gov.au/Discover/About-Organ-Donation/Types-of-
          37.  Asch  DA,  Hansen-Flaschen  J,  Lanken  PN.  Decisions  to  limit  or  continue   donation/Donation-after-Cardiac-Death-DCD-Protocol.html
             life-sustaining  treatment  by  critical  care  physicians  in  the  United  States:   67.  National Health and Medical Research Council. Organ and Tissue Donation
             conflicts between physicians’ practices and patients’ wishes. Am J Respir Crit   by Living Donors – Guidelines for Ethical Practice for Health Professionals. Can-
             Care Med 1995; 151:288–92.                           berra: NHMRC; 2007.
          38.  Sprung  CL,  Cohen  SL,  Sjokvist  P  et  al.  End-of-life  practices  in  European   68.  National  Health  and  Medical  Research  Council.  Making  a  Decision  about
             intensive care units. The ETHICUS study. JAMA 2003; 290: 790–97.  Living Organ and Tissue Donation. Canberra: NHMRC; 2007.
   118   119   120   121   122   123   124   125   126   127   128