Page 1508 - Hall et al (2015) Principles of Critical Care-McGraw-Hill
P. 1508

References     3


                      63. Honda H, Dubberke ER. The changing epidemiology of     81. Longo WE, Mazuski JE, Virgo KS, Lee P, Bahadursingh AN,
                        Clostridium difficile infection.  Curr Opin Gastroenterol.   Johnson FE. Outcome after colectomy for Clostridium difficile
                        2014;30(1):54-62.                                       colitis. Dis Colon Rectum. 2004;47(10):1620-1626.
                      64. Poutanen SM, Simor AE. Clostridium difficile-associated diar-    82. Koss K, Clark MA, Sanders DS, Morton D, Keighley MR, Goh
                        rhea in adults. CMAJ. 2004;171(1):51-58.                J. The outcome of surgery in fulminant Clostridium difficile
                      65. McDonald LC, Killgore GE, Thompson A, et al. An epidemic,   colitis. Colorectal Dis. 2006;8(2):149-154.
                        toxin gene-variant strain of Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med.     83. Seltman  AK.  Surgical  management  of  Clostridium  difficile
                        2005;353(23):2433-2441.                                 colitis. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2012;25(4):204-209.
                      66. Warny M, Pepin J, Fang A, et al. Toxin production by an     84. Neal  MD, Alverdy  JC, Hall  DE, Simmons  RL, Zuckerbraun
                        emerging strain of Clostridium difficile associated with out-  BS. Diverting loop ileostomy and colonic lavage: an alterna-
                        breaks of severe disease in North America and Europe. Lancet.   tive to total abdominal colectomy for the treatment of severe,
                        2005;366(9491):1079-1084.                               complicated Clostridium difficile associated disease. Ann Surg.
                      67. Loo VG, Poirier L, Miller MA, et al. A predominantly clonal   2011;254(3):423-427.
                        multi-institutional outbreak of Clostridium difficile-associated     85. Parker MC, Ellis H, Moran BJ, et al. Postoperative adhesions:
                        diarrhea with high morbidity and mortality.  N Engl J Med.   ten-year follow-up of 12,584 patients undergoing lower abdom-
                        2005;353(23):2442-2449.                                 inal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum. 2001;44(6):822-829.
                      68. McFee RB, Abdelsayed GG. Clostridium  difficile.  Dis Mon.     86. Diaz JJ, Jr., Bokhari F, Mowery NT, et al. Guidelines for
                        2009;55(7):439-470.                                     management of small bowel obstruction. J Trauma. 2008;64(6):
                      69. Tonna I, Welsby PD. Pathogenesis and treatment of Clostridium   1651-1664.
                        difficile infection. Postgrad Med J. 2005;81(956):367-369.    87. Kim JH, Ha HK, Kim JK, et al. Usefulness of known computed
                      70. Noblett SE, Welfare M, Seymour K. The role of surgery in   tomography  and  clinical  criteria  for  diagnosing  strangulation
                        Clostridium difficile colitis. BMJ. 2009;338:b1563.     in  small-bowel  obstruction:  analysis  of  true  and  false  inter-
                                                                                pretation groups in computed tomography.  World J Surg.
                      71. Debast SB, Bauer MP, Kuijper EJ. European Society of Clinical   2004;28(1):63-68.
                        Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: update of the treatment
                        guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection.  Clin     88. Ballantyne GH. Review of sigmoid volvulus. Clinical patterns
                        Microbiol Infect. 2014;20(suppl 2):1-26.                and pathogenesis. Dis Colon Rectum. 1982;25(8):823-830.
                                                                             89. Chapman AH, McNamara M, Porter G. The acute contrast
                      72. Dallas KB, Condren A, Divino CM. Life after colectomy for
                        fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis: a 7-year follow up study.   enema in suspected large bowel obstruction: value and tech-
                        Am J Surg. 2014;207(4):533-539.                         nique. Clin Radiol. 1992;46(4):273-278.
                                                                             90. Moore CJ, Corl FM, Fishman EK. CT of cecal volvulus: unravel-
                      73. Musher DM, Aslam S. Treatment of Clostridium difficile
                        colitis in the critical care setting.  Crit  Care  Clin. 2008;24(2):   ing the image. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001;177(1):95-98.
                        279-291, viii.                                       91. Lal SK,  Morgenstern R, Vinjirayer EP, Matin A. Sigmoid
                                                                                volvulus an update. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2006;16(1):
                      74. Musher DM, Manhas A, Jain P, et al. Detection of Clostridium
                        difficile  toxin:  comparison  of  enzyme  immunoassay  results   175-187.
                        with results obtained by cytotoxicity assay.  J Clin Microbiol.     92. Watt AM, Faragher IG, Griffin TT, Rieger NA, Maddern GJ.
                        2007;45(8):2737-2739.                                   Self-expanding metallic stents for relieving malignant colorectal
                                                                                obstruction: a systematic review. Ann Surg. 2007;246(1):24-30.
                      75. Nelson RL, Kelsey P, Leeman H, et al. Antibiotic treatment for
                        Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults.  Cochrane     93. Masci E, Viale E, Mangiavillano B, et al. Enteral self-expandable
                        Database Syst Rev. 2011;(9):CD004610.                   metal stent for malignant luminal obstruction of the upper and
                                                                                lower gastrointestinal tract: a prospective multicentric study. J
                      76. Musher DM, Logan N, Hamill RJ, et al. Nitazoxanide for   Clin Gastroenterol. 2008;42(4):389-394.
                        the treatment of Clostridium difficile colitis.  Clin Infect Dis.
                        2006;43(4):421-427.                                  94. Schwab DP, Blackhurst DW, Sticca RP. Operative acute small
                                                                                bowel obstruction: admitting service impacts outcome.  Am
                      77. Marchese A, Salerno A, Pesce A, Debbia EA, Schito GC. In vitro   Surg. 2001;67(11):1034-1038.
                        activity of rifaximin, metronidazole and vancomycin against
                        Clostridium difficile and the rate of selection of spontaneously     95. Sarr MG, Bulkley GB, Zuidema GD. Preoperative recognition
                        resistant mutants against representative anaerobic and aerobic   of intestinal strangulation obstruction: prospective evaluation
                        bacteria, including ammonia-producing species. Chemotherapy.   of diagnostic capability. Am J Surg. 1983;145(1):176-182.
                        2000;46(4):253-266.                                  96. Bauer AJ, Schwarz NT, Moore BA, Turler A, Kalff JC. Ileus in
                      78. Lancaster JW, Matthews SJ. Fidaxomicin: the newest addition   critical illness: mechanisms and management. Curr Opin Crit
                        to the armamentarium against Clostridium difficile infections.   Care. 2002;8(2):152-157.
                        Clin Ther. 2012;34(1):1-13.                          97. Goyal RK, Hirano I. The enteric nervous system. N Engl J Med.
                      79. Bauer MP, Kuijper EJ, van Dissel JT. European Society of   1996;334(17):1106-1115.
                        Clinical Microbiology and Infectious DiseasesESCMID): treat-    98. Luckey A, Livingston E, Tache Y. Mechanisms and treatment of
                        ment guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection   postoperative ileus. Arch Surg. 2003;138(2):206-214.
                        (CDI). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009;15(12):1067-1079.    99. Asao T, Kuwano H, Nakamura J, Morinaga N, Hirayama I,
                      80. Ali SO, Welch  JP,  Dring RJ. Early surgical intervention   Ide M.  Gum chewing enhances  early recovery from  postop-
                        for fulminant pseudomembranous colitis.  Am Surg. 2008;   erative ileus after laparoscopic colectomy.  J Am Coll Surg.
                        74(1):20-26.                                            2002;195(1):30-32.








            Section09-O-Ref.indd   3                                                                                   12/10/2014   6:09:23 PM
   1503   1504   1505   1506   1507   1508   1509   1510   1511   1512   1513