Page 1901 - Hall et al (2015) Principles of Critical Care-McGraw-Hill

1328 Index

Acute kidney injury (Cont.): Acute myelogenous leukemia, diagnosis and Acute prostatitis, 701
diagnostic approach to failure, 923–926, classification of, 867, 867t Acute pulmonary embolism, 309
923f, 924t, 925t Acute myocardial infarction, 256 Acute pulmonary hypertension, 312–314, 312t
metabolic acidosis in, 932 after cardiac surgery, 1069 acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress
monitoring renal function in intensive care complications of, 304–308 syndrome, 313
unit, 922–923, 923f indication for, temporary pacing, acute sickle chest syndrome, 313
nondialytic supportive care of acute renal 307–308 cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary
failure, 931–932, 932t Acute necrotizing mediastinitis, 683 bypass, 314
prevention of acute renal failure, Acute neurologic injury, 937 right ventricular infarction, 312–313
928–931, 928t Acute on chronic heart failure, sepsis, 313
diuretics in acute renal failure, 929–930 276–277, 277t Acute renal failure
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renal vasodilators, 930–931, 930f Acute on chronic liver failure, 1027 defined, 916
treatment of, 728 Acute-on-chronic pulmonary hypertension, diagnostic approach to, 923–926,
Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN), 314, 314t 923f, 924f, 925t
916–917 Acute-on-chronic respiratory failure (ACRF), liver disease and, 927–928, 927t
Acute leukemia, 865–872 384, 431, 482–496 nondialytic supportive care of, 931–932, 932t
anemia, thrombocytopenia and, 870, 870t causes of decreased neuromuscular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and,
disseminated intravascular coagulation and, competence, 485, 485f 921–922
870–871 failed transmission, 485 in pregnancy, 927, 1268
general framework for management of, muscle weakness, 485–487, 486t in renal transplantation, 928
868–869, 868–869t, 869f causes of increased load renal vasodilators in, 930–931, 930f
hyperleukocytosis syndrome and, 871–872 increased chest wall elastic load, 487 thrombotic microangiopathies and, 926
infectious complications of, 866–867 increased lung elastic load, 487 Acute respiratory distress syndrome, 439–440
myeloid sarcoma and, 867 increased resistive load, 487 acute lung injury and, 449–470, 450f
necrotizing enterocolitis (typhlitis) and, 868 minute ventilation loads, 487 approach to diagnosis of ALI and ARDS,
presentation and differential diagnosis of, multifactorial, 487–495, 492t 456–457, 456t, 457t
866, 866t approach to patient, 487–495, 492t description and definitions, 450–451, 451t
solid organ infiltration, 868 pathophysiology, 483, 484f epidemiology of, 451–452, 451t
tumor lysis syndrome and, 871, 871t airflow obstruction and dynamic fibrosis, resolution, and repair
Acute liver failure, 936–937, 1022–1026, 1098 hyperinflation (intrinsic PEEP), mechanisms, 455
cardiovascular management, 1023–1024 485, 486f pathogenesis, 453–455, 453f
coagulation and, 1024 load-effort imbalance, 484–485 pathology and pathophysiology,
description and aetiology, respiratory drive, 484 452–453, 452f
1022–1023, 1022t respiratory muscle fatigue, 485 treatment of, 458–469, 458f, 459f, 460f,
early management and referral practice, quality performance measurement and 461ft, 462t, 463ft, 464t, 465t, 467f
1023 reporting for, 495, 495t depression in patients with, 110
encephalopathy and elevated intracranial Acute pain episode, 904 ECMO outcomes in, 478
pressure, 1024–1025, 1025t Acute pancreatitis, 1031–1036 meta-analysis of ECMO trials for, 478–479
gastrointestinal management, 1024 diagnosis and assessment of severity, in pregnancy, 1267
initial investigations and 1032–1033, 1033ft treatment of, 728
management, 1023 etiology, 1032, 1032t waveforms to facilitate lung-protection in,
in pregnancy, 1268 initial resuscitation and management 420–421, 420f, 421f
respiratory management, 1024 early fluid, 1033–1034 Acute respiratory failure, 370–377, 720
sepsis and, 1024 nutrition in, 1034 inadequate blood transport of oxygen,
support systems, 1025 pancreatic and peripancreatic collections, 370–372, 370f, 371t, 372t
transplantation, 1025–1026, 1026f 1035, 1035f mechanistic approach to, 372–377
Acute lung injury role of endoscopic retrograde abnormalities in pulmonary gas
acute respiratory distress syndrome and, cholangiopancreatography exchange, 372–373
313, 449–470, 450f in, 1034 abnormalities in respiratory mechanics,
description and definitions, role of prophylactic antibiotics, 373–374, 373f, 374f
450–451, 451t 1034, 1034f clinical presentation and treatment goals,
diagnosis of ALI and ARDS, 456–457, pathophysiology, 1032 374–375, 375t
456t, 457t Acute pericarditis, 336–338 hypoperfusion states cause type intravenous
epidemiology of, 451–452, 451t diagnosis of, 336–337, 337ft (IV) respiratory failure, 375–376
fibrosis, resolution, and repair management of, 337–338 perioperative respiratory failure, 375
mechanisms, 455 Acute Physiology and Chronic Health MERS-CoV, 720
pathogenesis, 453–455, 453f Evaluation II (APACHE II) scoring respiratory muscle exercise and fatigue in
pathology and pathophysiology, system, 84, 85, 88, 89, 91, 92, 93, respiratory failure, 376–377
452–453, 452f 94, 95, 111, 568, 570 exercising rested respiratory muscles, 376
treatment of, 458–469, 458f, 459f, 460f, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health liberating patient from mechanical
461ft, 462t, 463ft, 464t, 465t, 467f Evaluation III (APACHE III) ventilation, 376–377
in drowning, 1323 scoring system, 85, 88, resting fatigued respiratory muscles, 376
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, diagnosis and 89, 93, 94 SARS, 720
classification of, 867 Acute Physiology Score (APS), 568 Acute respiratory failure (ARF), 628
Acute mitral regurgitation, 195–198, 195f, Acute promyelocytic leukemia, diagnosis and Acute right heart failure, 1070–1071
196f, 197f, 198f, 305–306 management of, 869–870 Acute right heart pressure overload, 309

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