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Key Terms 400 17.3 Mineral-Forming Processes 440 19 Building Earth’s
Applying the Concepts 400 17.4 Rocks 441
Questions for Thought 402 Igneous Rocks 441 Surface 477
For Further Analysis 403 Science and Society: Costs of
Invitation to Inquiry 403 Mining Mineral Resources 443
Parallel Exercises 403 A Closer Look: Asbestos 444
Sedimentary Rocks 444
16 Earth in Space 405 Metamorphic Rocks 446
Science and Society: Using
19.1 Interpreting Earth’s
Mineral Resources 447
Surface 478
People Behind the Science:
19.2 Diastrophism 479
Victor Moritz Goldschmidt 448
Stress and Strain 479
17.5 The Rock Cycle 448
Folding 480
Summary 449
Faulting 482
16.1 Shape and Size of Earth 406 Key Terms 449 19.3 Earthquakes 484
16.2 Motions of Earth 408 Applying the Concepts 450 Causes of Earthquakes 484
Revolution 408 Questions for Thought 452 Locating and Measuring
Rotation 410 For Further Analysis 452 Earthquakes 484
Precession 411 Invitation to Inquiry 452 Measuring Earthquake
16.3 Place and Time 411 Parallel Exercises 452
Strength 487
Identifying Place 411
A Closer Look: Earthquake
Measuring Time 413
Safety 488
Science and Society: 18 Plate Tectonics 455 19.4 Origin of Mountains 489
Saving Time? 417
Folded and Faulted
16.4 The Moon 419
Mountains 489
Composition and
Volcanic Mountains 489
Features 419
A Closer Look: Volcanoes Change
History of the Moon 422
the World 493
16.5 The Earth-Moon System 422
People Behind the Science:
Phases of the Moon 423 18.1 History of Earth’s Interior 456 James Hutton 494
Eclipses of the Sun and 18.2 Earth’s Internal Structure 457
Summary 494
Moon 423 The Crust 458
Tides 424 The Mantle 459 Key Terms 495
Applying the Concepts 495
People Behind the Science: The Core 459 Questions for Thought 497
Carl Edward Sagan 425 A More Detailed
For Further Analysis 498
Summary 426 Structure 460 Invitation to Inquiry 498
Key Terms 427 A Closer Look: Seismic
Parallel Exercises 498
Applying the Concepts 427 Tomography 461
Questions for Thought 430 18.3 Theory of Plate Tectonics 461
For Further Analysis 430 Evidence from Earth’s 20 Shaping Earth’s
Invitation to Inquiry 431 Magnetic Field 461 Surface 501
Parallel Exercises 431 Evidence from the
Ocean 462
Lithosphere Plates and
EARTH SCIENCE
Boundaries 464
A Closer Look: Measuring Plate
17 Rocks and Movement 466
Minerals 433 Present-Day 20.1 Weathering, Erosion, and
Understandings 467 Transportation 502
People Behind the Science: 20.2 Weathering 502
Harry Hammond Hess 469 20.3 Soils 506
Science and Society: 20.4 Erosion 506
Geothermal Energy 470 Mass Movement 507
Summary 471 Running Water 508
17.1 Solid Earth Materials 434 Key Terms 472 Glaciers 510
17.2 Minerals 435 Applying the Concepts 472 Wind 512
Crystal Structures 435 Questions for Thought 474 Science and Society:
Silicates and Nonsilicates 436 For Further Analysis 475 Acid Rain 513
Physical Properties Invitation to Inquiry 475 People Behind the Science:
of Minerals 437 Parallel Exercises 475 John Wesley Powell 514
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