Page 559 - 9780077418427.pdf

/Volume/201/MHDQ233/tat78194_disk1of1/0073378194/tat78194_pagefile
tiL12214_ch21_521-540.indd Page 536 9/23/10 11:10 AM user-f465
tiL12214_ch21_521-540.indd Page 536 9/23/10 11:10 AM user-f465 /Volume/201/MHDQ233/tat78194_disk1of1/0073378194/tat78194_pagefiles

12. The ability to use index fossils along with the ages of rocks in
APPLYING THE CONCEPTS different locations is
a. age correlation.
1. Evidence of former life is called a
b. fossil association.
a. ghost.
c. age comparison.
b. fossil.
d. relative dating.
c. history.
d. relic. 13. The process that is adding heat to the interior of Earth is
a. conduction.
2. In the early 1800s, William Smith noted that sedimentary rock
b. revolution.
layers could be identified by
c. radioactive decay.
a. location.
d. solar energy.
b. color.
14. Modern geologic clocks include
c. fossils.
a. radiometric dating.
d. size.
b. geomagnetic measurements.
3. The science of discovering fossils and their history is
c. both a and b.
a. history.
d. neither a nor b.
b. paleontology.
15. Major blocks of time in the geologic time scale are called
c. archeology.
a. decades.
d. anthropology.
b. eons.
4. The meaning of the word fossil is
c. centuries.
a. petrified rock.
d. millennia.
b. ancient artifact.
16. The time before the time of life is called
c. petrified bones and the study of these bones.
a. Precambrian.
d. evidence of ancient organisms.
b. Postcambrian.
5. There are three methods of fossil formation. The method that is c. Phanerozoic.
not a method of fossil formation is d. Post-Phanerozoic.
a. preservation of soft organic materials.
17. The smallest block of time assigned to the geologic time period is the
b. preservation of hard parts.
a. eon.
c. preservation of signs of activity.
b. period.
d. replacement.
c. era.
6. Hard parts of organisms that form fossils do not include d. epoch.
a. shells. 18. Which of the following does not describe a unit of geologic time?
b. teeth. a. Eon
c. plants. b. Epoch
d. bones. c. Period
7. Fossils are most often found in what type of rock? d. Century
a. Sedimentary 19. The time of recent life era is the
b. Metamorphic a. Cenozoic.
c. Igneous b. Mesozoic.
d. Volcanic c. Paleozoic.
8. “Geologic time” means d. Phanerozoic.
a. the relative age of humankind. 20. The earliest fossils represented life from
b. the relative age of fossils. a. land.
c. the relative age of Earth. b. oceans.
d. the relative age of the universe. c. air.
9. Clues to the past that we get from rocks do not include d. All of the above are correct.
a. mineral composition. 21. Mammals first appeared in what era?
b. place of origin. a. Cenozoic
c. rock texture. b. Mesozoic
d. sedimentary structure. c. Paleozoic
10. A time break in the rock record is called a (an) d. Phanerozoic
a. unconformity. 22. Pangaea formed approximately
b. time lag. a. 25 million years ago.
c. crosscutting relationship. b. 65 million years ago.
d. time warp. c. 225 million years ago.
11. Distinctive fossils of plants or animals that were distributed widely d. 3.5 billion years ago.
but lived only a short time with a common extinction time are called 23. A fossil is
a. short-lived fossils. a. actual remains of plants or animals such as shells or wood.
b. correlation fossils. b. remains that have been removed and replaced by mineral matter.
c. index fossils. c. any sign of former life older than 10,000 years.
d. faunal successive fossils. d. Any of the above is correct.
536 CHAPTER 21 Geologic Time 21-16