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Variation of acceleration due to gravity due to depth:

Let us consider the earth to be a perfect sphere of radius R and
mass M. Let be its average density.

Then, value of acceleration due to gravity on the surface of

earth is given by

g = ....................(i)

We know,

Mass (M) = Volume (V) x density ( )

i.e.. M =

Thus, equation (i) becomes,

Fig: Acceleration due to gravity at a depth

g = …………..(ii)

Let g’ be the acceleration due to gravity at point B at depth d below the surface of earth.