Page 12 - Ranger SPM 2022 - Science

Science SPM Chapter 1 Safety Measures in the Laboratory
3. Fires are divided into a few types based on the material that has caught fire.
4. Table 1.2 shows the types of fires and the suitable fire extinguishers to be used.

Table 1.2 Types of fires and suitable types of fire extinguishers to be used
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Type of fire Explanation Fire extinguisher

Class A Fires involving flammable solids (except metal) • Water
such as wood, paper, cloth and any flammable • Foam
materials • Dry powder

Fires involving liquids such as petrol, kerosene, • Foam
Class B diesel, paint, varnish and others • Dry powder
• Carbon dioxide

Fires involving gases such as LPG, LNG, oxygen • Dry powder
Class C
Form 4
and others • Carbon dioxide
Fires involving metals such as magnesium, • Dry powder
Class D
aluminium, sodium, potassium and others
Fires involving electrical appliances • Dry powder
Class E
• Carbon dioxide
Fires involving fats and cooking oils • Dry powder
Class F
• Carbon dioxide

5. Other firefighting equipment include the ABC fire extinguisher,
fire blanket, sand and water from the tap or other sources.

ABC fire extinguisher

• Can be used for all types of fires except for fires caused
by metals and gases
• Not harmful to humans and animals
• Will not pollute the soil
• Easy to be maintained at least once a year
• The moisture produced lasts longer to prevent the fire
from spreading
Figure 1.7 ABC fire extinguisher

Fire blanket
• Made of two layers of glass fibres
• Can extinguish small or medium fires that are difficult
to put out with water
• Can extinguish fire on a victim’s body by wrapping the
blanket around the victim
• Cannot be reused
Figure 1.8
Fire blanket

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F4 Chapter 1.indd 8 3/21/22 3:02 PM