Page 11 - PBD Plus Matematik T1 (EG)

Matematik Tingkatan 1 Bab 1 Nombor Nisbah

12. Permudahkan setiap yang berikut. TP 4
Simplify each of the following.
Contoh (a) –12 + (–2) × 3 – 40 ÷ (–8) (b) 56 ÷ (–2) + 3 × 7 + (–5)
–4 × [–20 + (15 – 3)] = –12 + (–6) – (–5) = –(56 ÷ 2) + 21 – 5
= –4 × (–20 + 12) = –12 – 6 + 5 = –28 + 21 – 5
= –4 × (–8) = –18 + 5 = –7 – 5
= +(4 × 8) = –13 = –12
= 32

Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn. Bhd.
SP 1.2.4 Menghuraikan hukum operasi aritketik iaitu Hukum Identiti, Hukum Kalis Tukar Tertib, Hukum Kalis Sekutuan dan Hukum Kalis Agihan.

13. Padankan hukum operasi aritmetik yang betul bagi setiap operasi berikut. TP 3
Match the correct law of arithmetic operation of each of the following operations.

4 × 5 + 4 × 8
= 4 × (5 + 8) Hukum Kalis Tukar Tertib Tip Penting
= 4 × 13 Commutative Law
= 52 Hukum operasi aritmetik:
Laws of arithmetic operations:
• Hukum Kalis Tukar Tertib
Commutative Law
5 × 7 × 10 a + b = b + a
= 7 × (5 × 10) Hukum Kalis Sekutuan a × b = b × a
= 7 × 50 Associative Law • Hukum Kalis Sekutuan
= 350 Associative Law
(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
(a × b) × c = a × (b × c)
19 + 7 + 1 • Hukum Kalis Agihan
Distributive Law
= 19 + 1 + 7 Hukum Identiti a × (b + c) = a × b + a × c
= 20 + 7 Identity Law a × (b − c) = a × b − a × c
= 27 • Hukum Identiti
Identity Law
a + 0 = a a + (−a) = 0
1
17 × 1 a × 0 = 0 a × = 1
a
17 Hukum Kalis Agihan a × 1 = a
= 1 Distributive Law

SP 1.2.5 Membuat pengiraan yang efisien dengan menggunakan hukum operasi asas aritmetik.

14. Selesaikan setiap yang berikut dengan pengiraan efisien tanpa menggunakan kalkulator. TP 3
Solve each of the following using efficient computations without using calculator.

Contoh (a) 25 × 43 × 4 (b) 397 × 5
499 × 4 = (25 × 4) × 43 = (400 – 3) × 5
= (500 – 1) × 4 = 100 × 43 = (400 × 5) – (3 × 5)
= (500 × 4) – (1 × 4) = 4 300 = 2 000 – 15
= 2 000 – 4 = 1 985
= 1 996

(c) 50 × 36 × 2 (d) 30 × 42 × 4 (e) 39 × 25 × 40
= (50 × 2) × 36 = (30 × 4) × (40 + 2) = (25 × 40) × 39
= 100 × 36 = 120 × (40 + 2) = 1 000 × 39
= 3 600 = (120 × 40) + (120 × 2) = 39 000
= 4 800 + 240
= 5 040

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