Page 26 - Ranger PT3 2022 science

Science PT3 Chapter 5 Water and Solution
Colloid
1. The colloid is a mixture of two or more solutes which does not form a clear
solution nor sediment.
Penerbitan Pelangi Sdn Bhd. All Rights Reserved.
2. The colloid can be said to be a mixture placed somewhere between a solution and
a suspension.

Solution Colloid Suspension
Diagram 5.6
3. Examples of colloid:
Table 5.3
Types of colloid Example
Emulsion Milk, coconut milk and emulsion
(A mixture of two or more types of liquids) paint
Foam Soap foam, shaving cream and
(Formed when the gas diffuse in a liquid ) whipped cream
Gel
(A mixture of liquid and solid) Hair gel, jelly and skin gel

Water as a Universal Solvent
1. Water is known as a universal solvent because it can dissolve almost all types of
substances whether it is solid, liquid or gas.
2. Water is used as solvent in various fields, for example:
• Water dissolves oxygen in the water for the use of aquatic organisms. Form 2
• Water dissolves food and drinks.
Form 2
• Water dissolves detergents and soaps for cleaning.
• Water dissolves fertilisers to be absorbed by plants.
Organic solvent

1. Organic solvent is carbon-based organic solvent used to dissolve substances that
cannot be dissolved by water.
2. Examples of organic solvents and their uses:
Table 5.4
Organic solvents Uses
Alcohol For preparing antiseptic solution and perfume
Turpentine For diluting concentrated paint and for removing old paint
Acetone For diluting resin in nail varnish
Ether For extracting perfume
Kerosene Used as a solvent for lamp oil, bitumen and insecticide

157

05 Ranger Science Ting.2.indd 157 30/03/2022 1:57 PM