Page 8 - Ranger PT3 2022 science

Science PT3 Chapter 2 Cell as the Basic Unit of Life

2.1 Cell – Structure, Function and Organisation

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1. A cell is the basic unit of all living things.
2. A cell is the smallest unit of a living organism.
3. Cells are very small and can only be seen under a microscope.
4. Cells undergo life processes such as respiration, division, excretion, digestion,
reproduction and growth.
Form 1
INFO CORNER

Form 1
Formation of tumour
• Normal cells divide in a controlled way for growth
and to replace dead or damaged cells.
• Cancer cells divide in a continuous and uncontrolled
way even when it is unnecessary and then form a
tumour. Normal cell
Division of cancer
cell without control

5. Cells of living things exist in various sizes and shapes, and have different functions.

Animal Cells and Plant Cells
1. Living things such as animals and plants are made up of cells.
2. Diagram 2.1 shows the structure of an animal cell.

Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Animal cell
• The basic unit of all animals and humans. Nucleus
• Has an irregular shape.
Cytoplasm
Diagram 2.1 Animal cell
3. Diagram 2.2 shows the structure of a plant cell.

Cell membrane
Plant cell Cytoplasm Chloroplast
• The basic unit of plants. Vacuole Nucleus
• Has a regular shape because the cell
is surrounded by a cell wall. Mitochondria Cell wall

Diagram 2.2 Plant cell

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02 Ranger Science Ting.1.indd 21 30/03/2022 11:27 AM