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Science PT3 Chapter 2 Cell as the Basic Unit of Life

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• Animal cells are smaller than plant cells.
• Both animal and plant cells have a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane and
mitochondria.

4. Each cell structure has a different function.
Table 2.1 Functions of the structures in a cell
Structure Function Form 1

Cell membrane Controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
Form 1
Cell wall (Only found in Gives support, protection and a regular shape to plant cells
plant cells)
Cytoplasm The place where biochemical reactions happen
Nucleus • Controls all activities in the cell
• Contains chromosomes consisting of deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA) which carries genetic information
Mitochondria Functions as the site for energy generation
Vacuole (Only found in plant Stores water, liquid and food substances
cells. If present in animal
cells, they are small in size)
Chloroplast (Only found in An important structure in green plants which contain
green plant cells) chlorophyll to capture light energy during photosynthesis

How to Prepare an Animal Cell Slide

Aim: To prepare an animal cell slide using human cheek cells.
Materials and apparatus: Methylene blue solution, distilled water, toothpick,
filter paper, glass slide, cover glass, mounting needle, forceps, dropper and light
microscope.
Procedure Diagram
1. A toothpick is used to gently scrape the inner part of
the cheek.

2. Distilled water is dripped onto the glass slide. The thin
layer of cheek cells obtained earlier is smeared on the Distilled
water
glass slide.
Cheek Toothpick
cell

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02 Ranger Science Ting.1.indd 22 30/03/2022 11:27 AM