Page 46 - Facility Management (All Chapter)

FACILITES DESIGN FOR VARIOUS FACILITIES FUNCTION

To understand waste, it is important to recognize it first. Waste can be defined

as any resource that adds cost but does not add value to the product. The following
are the most common sources of waste in a manufacturing facility:

1. Equipment

Equipment can be underutilized for many reasons. Some reasons are poor
scheduling methods, inadequate maintenance programs, absence of feedback mech-
anisms to report maintenance problems, inadequate spare parts inventory, operators
not trained in the use of equipment and in basic preventive maintenance, inefficient
product design, long setup times and inefficient setup procedures, and large lot sizes.

2. Inventories
Inventories for raw material, components, parts, work-in-progress, and finished
products are usually wasted for the following reasons: large purchasing and production

lot sizes, poor facility layout, inefficient material handling systems, inefficient packaging
systems, inadequate training for the workers, poor organization, too many suppliers,
centralized warehouses, inefficient product design, lack of standardization, awkward
storage and retrieval systems, and poor inventory control systems.

3. Space
Space is another key resource where waste can be identified by excess inven-
tory, inappropriate facility layout, inadequate building design, unnecessary material

handling, inefficient storage systems, and inefficient product design.

4. Time
Time can be wasted due to excessive waiting or delays due to inefficient
scheduling, machine downtimes, long repair times, poor-quality products, unreliable

suppliers, poor facility layout, and inefficient material handling systems, deficient
inventory control systems, large lot sizes, and long setup times.

BPLK 46 DMQ 40392