Page 172 - Health, Population and Environment Education 9

Control measures of land pollution
The following measures can be adopted to control land pollution:
a. Random disposal of wastes and garbage from settlement areas and markets on land
should be stopped.
b. There should be availability of containers in various places for the collection of wastes.
c. The biodegradable wastes like plants, vegetables, fruits peels, cereals, etc. should
be converted into compost whereas non-biodegradable wastes like metals, plastics,
glasses, rubber, etc. should be reused and recycled.
d. The ground should be leveled after mining.
e. People should be encouraged for scientific farming and they need to use appropriate
amount of chemical fertilizers on land.
f. The discharges from industries, workshops, laboratories, etc. should be treated first
before discharging on land.
g. There should be proper management of landfill sites and they should be made far
away from settlement areas.
h. Strict rules and regulations should be made to control land pollution.
i. People should be made aware regarding causes and effects of land pollution.

D. Sound Pollution
The unwanted sound produced in large intensity
that adversely affects the physical and mental
condition of people is called sound pollution.
A lot of sound is produced from different sources
like vehicles, music concerts, explosions, air
crafts, media/radio, television, etc. Sound is
measured in decibel (db). In different situations
different intensity of sound is produced. During
normal conversation, 60db sound is produced. In Fig: 21
whispering 20/30 db of sound is produced. Bikes Sound pollution
produce 90 db sound, rocket launching produces 200 db of sound, explosions produce
200 db and more sound. For normal health 55 db sound is good at day time and 45 db
at night time. But human ear can tolerate sound upto 80db. Sound beyond 80db causes
problems and increases sound pollution.

Causes of sound pollution
There are various causes of sound pollution. Some of them are as follows:
a. Increase of pollution in cities and towns causes sound pollution in such areas.

b. Running of big machineries in industries and factories increases sound pollution.
c. Running of vehicles causes sound pollution.
172 GREEN Environment Population and Health Education Book-9