Page 41 - Health, Population and Environment Education 9

landslide, soil erosion, increase in pollution of air, water, land, etc. Above all, there is
increase in environmental problems like global warming, climate change, desertification,
acid rainfall, ozone layer depletion and so on.

Fig: 27

c. Social aspects
Due to migration, there is increase of population
in a place where they migrate. With the increase
of population, there is increase in demand
of health services, education, transportation,
communication, sanitation, security,
entertainment, etc. But all those facilities
available in a place are not sufficient for all the
increased population. Anyway, people need
those facilities in their life. Availability of such
facilities makes people happy and satisfied. Fig: 28
Lack of such facilities decreases their living
standard. Moreover, their is increase of unhealthy competition among people for the
limited facilities. As a result, there is increase of several social crimes like pickpocketing,
stealing, kidnapping, robberies, etc. Similarly, migration causes gathering of people with
different interest, attitudes, religion,tradition and culture in the same place. This may
sometimes cause quarrels, conflicts and misunderstanding among the people in a place.
This ultimately disturbs the peace, prosperity and harmony in the society.
Summary

1. The word ‘demography’ is made up of two Greek words ‘Demos’ and ‘Graphien’ in
which ‘Demos’ means ‘People or Population’ and ‘Graphien’ means ‘study’.
2. The term ‘demography’ was first coined by the scholar of Belgium, Archelle
Guillarad in 1855 A.D. in his book ‘Comparative Demography’.
3. Demography is a scientific, mathematical and statistical study of population in
reference to population size, structure, density, distribution, composition, and other
aspects of population.
4. When we study demography in narrow sense, it is called formal demography.
5. When we study demography in a broad sense, it is called social demography.
GREEN Environment Population and Health Education Book-9 41