Page 39 - Health, Population and Environment Education 9

and generate better income. Hence, the skilled manpower and educated people keep on
migrating from one place to another. The people from rural areas migrate to urban areas
in search of better jobs. Similarly, the government job holders, police personnel, army,
businessmen, laborers etc. keep on migrating from one place to another in regard to their
jobs.

ii. Cultivable land
People need to cultivate various types of crops,
vegetables and fruits to sustain their life. Hence,
people like to migrate in the places having more
cultivable land so that they can cultivate various types
of food and cash crops. Terai region has plain and flat
land. It consists of more cultivable land. The soil in
terai region is very fertile and consists of humus, lime
and phosphorus. People can cultivate wide range of Fig: 24
food and cash crops in terai region. So, people from
mountain and hilly region migrate to terai region in search of cultivable land.

c. Environmental factors

i. Climate
The climatic condition of a place affects the migration of people. People have very hard
life in the harsh climate. People have difficulty to perform day to day activities in cold
places. Mountain region has extremely cold climate. Hence, people from mountain region
migrate to the lower altitude either in hilly region or terai region for few months due to
harsh life. People from mountain region along with herd of animals migrate to lower
altitude during winter season. They remain there for few months but again return to their
place in summer season when the snow starts to melt with an increase of temperature.

ii. Occurrence of natural calamities
With the increase of population, natural resources
in the environment are massively and haphazardly
utilized. As a result, deforestation and environment
degradation are increased. There is frequent
occurrence of natural calamities like flood, landslide,
soil erosion etc. Even the natural disasters like
earthquake, volcanic eruptions, cyclones, tsunami, etc.
also occur in environment. During the occurrence of
such disasters, many people are displaced from their Fig: 25
place and they have to migrate in safe places.

2.4 Areas Affected by Migration

Migration is the movement of people from one place to another. It increases population
in a place where people migrate and decreases population in a place from where they
GREEN Environment Population and Health Education Book-9 39