Page 144 - Social Studies 7

Lesson An Introduction of Medieval Nepal
6.1

The Malla rulers had to cope with several disasters.
FACTS In 1255 AD one-third of the population of Kathmandu
to Understand (30,000 people including King Abhaya Malla) were killed
when valley suffered an earthquake with the epicentre
right below the city.

Nepal's history is divided into three main periods: Ancient period, Medieval Period
and Modern period.
In grade 6, you had learnt about ancient period till the Lichchhavi Dynasty.
Now, in grade 7 you are going to learn about the rise of Mallas to the victory of
Prithivi Narayan Shah over the Kathmandu valley.
Ruling period of Prithivi Narayan and his Unification Campaign is included in
modern period. Medieval Period approximately begins in BS 1258 and ends in
BS 1825. In this period there were three kingdoms existed in Nepal. They were
Mithila or Tirahut in the South, Nepal Mandal in the Kathmandu valley and
Khas Kingdom in the west.

Simrounagadh State

This state was founded by Nanya Dev who belonged to the Chalukya Dynasty of
Karnataka India. He conquered the south-eastern part of Nepal and established
this state in BS 1154. This state was also called Tirahut or the Doya or Mithila
State. Simrounagadh was its capital. Now, it lies in Bara district. It extended
from the Terai regions of Nepal up to Northern Bihar. It was very powerful and
advanced in art and culture. Harisimha Dev was the last ruler. In 1326 the Sultan
of Delhi Gayasuddin Tuglak invaded and merged it into his kingdom.

Kathmandu Valley (Nepal Mandal)

The three Malla Kingdoms were collectively known as the Nepal Mandal. They
were Kantipur, Patan and Bhaktapur (Bhadgaon). The Valley Kingdoms were
very powerful. Ari Malla was the founder of the Malla Dynasty, he ruled for 15
years from BS 1258 to BS 1273. After him, his son Abhaya Malla ruled for 39
years. He encouraged people to read, write and also inspired people in art and
culture. Yaksha Malla was so powerful and interested in art and culture. There
was a single kingdom in the valley. It was extended up to Bhot in the North

Dynamic Social Studies and Population Education - Book VII 144