Page 147 - Social Studies 7
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Lesson Political Condition of Medieval Nepal
6.2
The Malla dynasty ruled the Kathmandu valley until
FACTS Prithivi Narayan Shah of the Gorkha kingdom invaded it
to Understand in 1825 BS. The last ruler of Malla Dynasties were Jaya
Prakash Malla of Kantipur, Tej Narsingh Malla of Patan
and Ranajit Malla of Bhaktapur.
The Malla dynasty was a ruling dynasty of medieval Nepal. During their reign
people in the Kathmandu valley were called the Newar. Other dynasties such as
the Khas, the Sens were rulers outside the valley during the Medieval Period.
The three valley kingdoms were collectively known as Nepal Mandal ruled by
Mallas. Similarly, Thakuri, Challa kings ruled in the Karnali region who later on
changed their surname to Malla. The king Ashoka Chaula started using Malla
as his surname. Nanya Dev was the ruler of Simrounagadh in Southern Nepal.
Palpa was founded by Rudra Sen. His son Mukunda Sen was a great sage. So,
he was called as Muni Mukunda Sen. His three sons divided Palpa State into
Makwanpur, Vijayapur and Chaudandi and started ruling. There were Limbuwan
and Khumbuwan to the north of the Sen kingdom. The Karnali region was
divided into 22 small kingdoms like Jumla, Rukum, Jajarkot, Salyan, Surkhet,
etc. Commonly they were called as the Baise Rajya. The Gandaki region was
also divided into 24 small kingdoms called Chaubise Rajya. There were 24 small
kingdoms like Gorkha, Kaski, Lamjung, Parbat, Palpa, etc. They were ruled by
different clans. In this way medieval Nepal was fragmented into 52 kingdoms.
The ruling system
The kings used to be the supreme authority. They were the head of judiciary,
administration and army. Usually five members consist in the Council of Ministers
to ruled. In the Council of Minister, Chautaria was chief Minister, Pradhan, Chief
Administrator were to support local administration and construct temples bridges,
inns, paths, etc. Cities were divided into these for efficient administrative purpose.
There were altogether 24 Toles in Kathmandu, Bhaktapur and Lalitpur. These
Toles were looked after by Pradhans. Judicials system was based on religions and
traditions.
147 Dynamic Social Studies and Population Education - Book VII
