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Table 6.1: Diversity of Flora Species in Nepal
No. of known species
Species of flora World Share of Nepal in the world
in Nepal
Gymnosperm 5292 31 5.9
Angiosperm 2316381 6973 3.0
Bryophytes More than 140003 1150 8.2
Pteridophytes 103691 534 5.1
Lichens More than 170003 771 4.1
Algae More than 400003 1001 2.5
Fungi More than 70003 2025 2.5

Table 6.2: Diversity of Fauna Species in Nepal
Species of fauna World No. of known species in Nepal Share of Nepal in the world
Mammals 4675 212 4.4
Birds 10,000 876 8.76
Reptiles 7870 123 1.9
Amphibians 4780 117 1.6
Fishes 10,000 230 2.4
Mollusks NA 217 NA
Moths 16,000 3958 2.5
Butterfly 17,500 651 3.6
Spider 39,490 175 0.4
Rotifers NA 61 NA
Crustaceans NA 59 NA
Other insects NA 5052 0.7
Platyhelminthes NA 168 1.4

Source: Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation 2014, Nepal National Biodiversity Strategy and
Action Plan, 2014 – 2020, Page 17

iii. Status of Plant Species in Nepal
Nepal consists of 2.2% of the world’s vegetation, 2.5% of algae, 4.5% of lichens, 2.9% of
fungi, 5.1% of pteridophytes and 3.2% of flowering plants of the world. It is found that
Nepal has a total of 5833 species of flowering plants and 4216 species of non-flowering
plants. It is also estimated that 700 species of Nepalese plants have medicinal value.
Similarly, while going through the animals and birds species, Nepal is found to be rich
in these species too. In comparison to the world, 3.7% butterflies, 2.4% of fishes, 2.5%
of moths, 1.9% of reptiles, 8.8% of birds and 4.4% of mammals species are found in
Nepal.

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