Page 163 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

Preventive and Control Measures
1. Healthy and balanced diet should be consumed.
2. Physical exercise should be done regularly.
3. Obesity should be reduced.

4. Consumption of tobacco and tobacco products should be avoided.
5. Smoking and drinking alcohol should be avoided.
6. Too much consumption of carbohydrate should be reduced.

7. The patient of diabetes should always keep ID card with him/her.
8. The diabetes patient should protect him/her from accidents, cuts, etc.
9. The diabetes patient should take medicine or insulin injection after consulting the
doctor.
10. Consumption of fatty, oily and spicy foods should be avoided.

4. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disorder which occurs due to the
obstruction of bronchi and bronchioles. It causes difficulty in breathing and continuous
coughing. This disease is commonly known as asthma (dam/khoki).
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease occurs due to cold, dust, smoke, allergy,
pneumonia, roundworm infection, etc. This disease cannot be cured completely but can
be prevented. According to WHO, about 8 crore people have been suffering from chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease. This disease is common in children and old persons.
However, young persons also suffer from this disease.

Major causes of COPD
i. Smoking
ii. Dust particles
iii. Harmful chemicals

iv. Smoke released from firewood while cooking food
v. Smoke released from vehicles and industries
vi. Genetic Fig: 18

Major symptoms of COPD
i. Difficulty in breathing while sleeping
ii. Heaviness in the chest
iii. Coughing
iv. Restlessness
v. Wheezing breathing while climbing slopes, running, working, etc.

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