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CHAPTER 13: CREATING VISION AND STRATEGIC DIRECTION 419
50 Ireland and Hitt, “Achieving and Maintaining Strategic 65 Quoted in Pat McHenry Sullivan, “Finding Visions for Work and
Competitiveness.” Life,” Spirit at Work (April 1997), p. 3.
51 Christopher Hoenig, “True Grit,” CIO (May 1, 2002), pp. 50–52. 66 Brent Schlender, “How Big Can Apple Get?” Fortune (February
52 Personal story heard at Farmer’s Restaurant in Tenants Harbor, Maine. 21, 2005), pp. 66–76; and Steve Lohr, “Apple, a Success at Stores,
53 Rafael Gerena-Morales, “How a Harlem Hospital Healed Itself,” The Bets Big on Fifth Avenue,” The New York Times (May 19, 2006),
Wall Street Journal (June 22, 2006), pp. B1, B5. p. C1.
54 Gregory M. Bounds, Gregory H. Dobbins, and Oscar S. Fowler, 67 Lohr, “Apple, a Success at Stores.”
Management: A Total Quality Perspective (Cincinnati, OH: South- 68 Jill M. Strange and Michael D. Mumford, “The Origins of Vision:
Western, 1995), p. 244, and Michael Treacy, “You Need a Value Effects of Reflection, Models, and Analysis,” The Leadership
Discipline—But Which One?” Fortune (April 17, 1995), p. 195. Quarterly 16 (2005), pp. 121–148.
55 Linda Tischler, “How Pottery Barn Wins With Style,” Fast Company 69 Oren Harari, “Catapult Your Strategy Over Conventional Wisdom,”
(June 2003), p. 106. Management Review (October 1997), pp. 21–24.
56 L. J. Bourgeois III and David R. Brodwin, “Strategic Implementation: 70 C. Chet Miller and Laura B. Cardinal, “Strategic Planning and Firm
Five Approaches to an Elusive Phenomenon,” Strategic Management Performance: A Synthesis of More than Two Decades of Research,”
Journal 5 (1984), pp. 241–264; Anil K. Gupta and V. Govindarajan, Academy of Management Journal 37, no. 6 (1994), pp. 1649–1665.
“Business Unit Strategy, Managerial Characteristics, and Business 71 Sydney Finkelstein and Donald C. Hambrick, Strategic Leadership:
Unit Effectiveness at Strategy Implementation,” Academy of Top Executives and Their Effect on Organizations (St. Paul, MN:
Management Journal (1984), pp. 25–41; and Michael K. Allio, “A West Publishing, 1996), p. 23.
Short Practical Guide to Implementing Strategy,” Journal of Business 72 Stanley Lieberson and James F. O’Connor, “Leadership and
Strategy 26, no. 4 (2005), pp. 12–21. Organizational Performance: A Study of Large Corporations,”
57 2004 Economist survey, reported in Allio, “A Short, Practical Guide American Sociological Review 37 (1972), p. 119; Nan Weiner
to Implementing Strategy.” and Thomas A. Mahoney, “A Model of Corporate Performance
58 M. Corboy and D. O’Corrbui, “The Seven Deadly Sins of Strategy,” as a Function of Environmental, Organizational, and Leadership
Management Accounting 77, no. 10 (1999), pp. 29–33. Influences,” Academy of Management Journal 24 (1981),
59 W. Robert Guffey and Brian J. Nienhaus, “Determinants of Employee pp. 453–470; Ralph A. Alexander, “Leadership: It Can Make a
Support for the Strategic Plan,” SAM Advanced Management Journal Difference,” Academy of Management Journal 27 (1984),
(Spring 2002), pp. 23–30. pp. 765–776; and Alan Berkeley Thomas, “Does Leadership Make a
60 James Peters, “Applebee’s Neighborhood Grill & Bar: Lisa Difference to Organizational Performance?” Administrative Science
Hofferbert,” Nation’s Restaurant News (January 26, 2004), p. 16. Quarterly 33 (1988), pp. 388–400.
61 Bruce Horovitz, “Payless Is Determined to Put a Fashionably Shod 73 David G. Day and Robert G. Lord, “Executive Leadership and
Foot Forward,” USA Today (July 28, 2006), p. B1. Organizational Performance: Suggestions for a New Theory and
62 Thanks to Russell Guinn for the story on which this example is based. Methodology,” Journal of Management 14 (1988), pp. 453–464.
63 Based on Gregory A. Patterson, “Land’s End Kicks Out Modern New 74 Ken G. Smith, Ken A. Smith, Judy D. Olian, Henry P. Sims, Jr.,
Managers, Rejecting a Makeover,” The Wall Street Journal (April 3, Douglas P. O’Bannon, and Judith A. Scully, “Top Management
1995), pp. A1, A6. Team Demography and Process: The Role of Social Integration and
64 Lucas Conley, “Back Up the Mountain,” Fast Company (April 2005), Communication,” Administrative Science Quarterly 39 (1994),
pp. 85–86. pp. 412–438.