Page 165 - Participant Manual

GLOSSARY

A Bandage: a strip of material used to hold a dressing
in place and to control bleeding
Abdominal thrusts: inward and upward thrusts Bloodborne pathogens: disease-causing
just above the navel, used in combination with back microorganisms that are spread when blood from an
blows to force the object out of the airway when a infected person enters the bloodstream of a person
person is choking
who is not infected
Abrasion: an open wound that occurs when Blunt trauma: injury caused by impact with a flat
something rubs roughly against the skin, causing object or surface
damage to the skin’s surface
Brain contusion: bruising of the brain tissue
Abuse: the willful infliction of injury or harm on another
Brain hematoma: bleeding into the space between
Acute illness: an illness that strikes suddenly and the brain and the skull
usually only lasts for a short period of time
Breathing barriers: devices used to protect
Agonal breaths: isolated or infrequent gasping in the responder from contact with saliva and other
the absence of normal breathing in an unresponsive body fluids, such as blood, when giving rescue
person
breaths
Airborne pathogens: disease-causing micro- Bruise: a type of closed wound that occurs
organisms that are expelled into the air when an when the small blood vessels under the surface
infected person breathes, coughs or sneezes
of the skin are damaged and blood leaks into the
Anaphylaxis: a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction surrounding tissues
Antihistamine: a medication that counteracts the Burn: a traumatic injury to the skin (and sometimes
effects of histamine, a chemical released by the body the underlying tissues as well) caused by contact
during an allergic reaction with extreme heat, chemicals, radiation or electricity

Asthma: a chronic illness in which certain
substances or conditions (triggers) cause C
inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making
breathing difficult Cardiac arrest: a condition that occurs when the
heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to
Asthma action plan: a written plan that the person circulate blood to the brain and other vital organs
develops with his or her healthcare provider that
details daily management of the condition as well as Cardiac Chain of Survival: five actions that, when
how to handle an asthma attack performed in rapid succession, increase a person’s
likelihood of surviving cardiac arrest
Aura: an unusual sensation or feeling that may signal
the onset of a seizure in some people Chronic illness: an illness that a person lives
with on an ongoing basis and that often requires
Avulsion: an open wound that occurs when a continuous treatment to manage
portion of the skin, and sometimes the underlying
tissue, is partially or completely torn away Closed wound: a wound where the surface of the
skin is intact but the underlying tissues are injured
B Compression-only CPR: a CPR technique that
involves giving continuous chest compressions, with
Back blows: blows between the shoulder blades, no rescue breaths
used in combination with abdominal thrusts to
force the object out of the airway when a person Concussion: a traumatic brain injury that alters the
is choking way the brain functions

Glossary | PB | First Aid/CPR/AED Participant’s Manual Glossary | 157 | First Aid/CPR/AED Participant’s Manual